试析民事再审与修改

　　民事再审程序是民事诉讼法中一个审判程序，独立于人民法院审理民事案件的程序，也不属于民事诉讼的一审二审程序。从其意义上考虑，它是对于人民法院已经生效的错误裁判的一种补救措施。不仅要对终局的判决作出考虑，也要通过纠错来实现审判的正义。我国民事诉讼法对当事人的处分权具有保护作用，确保当事人能够一方申请启动再审程序，规定再审的法定事由。但与此同时，民事再审也有自身的局限性。首先，对于检察院抗诉和法院依职权再审的，当事人没有撤回再审的权利。其次，当事人不仅受到诉讼程序审理范围的限制，同时还受到请求权本身的性质的限制。

　　Civil retrial procedure is a civil law proceedings, independent of the People's Court civil procedure does not belong to the second trial of first instance civil procedure. Consider its meaning, which is already in force for the people's court referee mistakes a remedy. Not only to the final judgment to consider, but also through error correction to achieve the trial justice. Civil Litigation disposition of the parties has a protective role in ensuring that the parties are able to start the retrial party application procedures, requirements retrial legal reasons. At the same time, civil retrial also has its own limitations. First, for ex Procuratorate protest and court retrial, the parties do not withdraw the right to a retrial. Secondly, the parties not only by limiting the scope of trial proceedings, but also by the nature of the right to request restrictions.