知识能力聚焦讲解16_高中英语
21.do you know anyone who has experienced one of the events?你是否知道有人经历过其中的一件事?
who引导定语从句修饰anyone,并且在从句中作主语在定语从句中若先行词为人,定语从句用who或whom引导,取决于关系代词在定语从句中作主语还是宾语。若先行词有人也有物,则用that引导
in the earthquake,the number of people who lost homes reached as much as 250,000.
在这次地震中死亡的人多达250,000
we all honour- and respect albert einstein,who is the greatest physicist in the world.
我们都敬重这位世界上最伟大的学家-爱因斯坦
i always remember the teacher who once helped me a lot.
我永远记着那位泞经给过我很多帮助的.
22. connect all the words you find out that refer to the same thing.把你找到的涉及同一件事情的单词连起来。
本句中含两个定语从句。you find out在句中作定语,修饰the words,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语故可省略;而that refer to the same thing也修饰the words,但that在从句中作主语指代先行词,不可省略
关系代词that在定语从句中的用法:
( 1) that指人或物,在从句中可作主语或宾语,还可作表语作宾语或表语时可省略作介词宾语时,介词不可提到that之前,介词后需要用which或whom等其他词代替
the picture(that)we are studying was drawn fly a fifteen-year-old student.
我们正看着的这幅画是一个十五岁的画的. ( that在从句中作宾语)
the train ran over and killed a boy and his dog that were just crossing the track.
火车飞奔而去,轧死了正要过铁路的孩子和他的狗( that在从句中作主语)
(2)先行词是不定代词:all , few , little , much , something, nothing,anything等
a ll that we have to do is to practise every day.
我必须做的就是每天练习
(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰.
the first lesson that i learned will never be forgotten. 我永远忘不了我所学的第一堂课
(4)先行词被all, any , every , few , little , no, some等修饰.
1 have read all the books(that)you gave me.
我读了所有你给我的书
(5)先行词被the only , the very , the same , the last, just等修饰。
he is the only person that i want to talk to.
他是惟一一个我想与之交谈的人:
23. they can destroy houses,but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.
它们能毁坏房屋,却将屋里的家具留在原处。
leave...where it is/was
where they are/were 留......在原来地方
put...where it is/was
where they are/were 把......放在原来地方
leave...as it is/was
(注意〕please leave the things where they are. 请别动那些东西。
put the book where it is. 把书放在原处:
leave the things as they are. 任事情自然发展。
(2) leave sb./sth+宾补(v.-ing/v.-ed/形容词/副词/介词短语等)表示"使......处于某种状态"
the shower left a beautiful rainbow hanging in the sky. 阵雨过后,一道美丽的彩虹高挂在天空。
he left the room with the light on. 他出门没有关灯。
with these wordswith these,he went out,leaving the child crying there.
说完这些话他就出去了,任由那个孩子在那儿哭。
who left the door open last night?昨天晚上谁没关门?
24. on average,there are 800 tornadoes in the us each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1500 injuries.
平均来说,在美国每年有800次龙卷风,造成大约80人死亡,1500人受伤。
causing about 80 deaths…为现在分词短语表结果,相当于一个状语从句:
〔注意〕分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致,分词作状语必项和句中主语有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系,否则不能用分词作状语,分词或分词短语作状语时,还可表示时间、原因、行为方式、伴随情况等。
being a student(=as i am a student),i must study hard.作为一名学生,我必须努力学习,:
the children surrounded the teacher,listening attentively to her story.
孩子们围着,认真地听她讲故事.
the students ran to the playground,talking and singing. 学生们跑向运动场,说着,笑着。
his parents died,leaving him an orphan. 他父母去世了,他成了孤儿.
hearing the news,they get excited. 听到这个消息,他们变得兴奋起来
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