定语从句复习_九年级英语教案
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在主从复合句中充当定语的句子是定语从句,它在句中修饰名词或代词。定语从句一般由关系代词that, which, who(m), whose和关系副词when, where, why等引导。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常放在先行词的后面作后置定语。在中,主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。
一、一般情况下,当先行词指人时,用that, who或whom引导。如:
i know the young man that/who is reading under the tree. 我认识在树下读书的那个年轻人。
the girl whom you talked about a moment ago is my daughter. 你们刚才谈论的女孩是我的女儿。
【温馨提示】
当指人的先行词后有介词时,关系代词不用that, 而要用whom。如:
jim is the person for whom you are looking. 吉姆是你在寻找的人。
二、当先行词指物时,用which或that引导。当关系代词在从句中作宾语时常可省略。如:
give me the pen that/which is on the desk. 把桌子上的钢笔给我。
【温馨提示】
一) 当先行词指物时只能用that而不能用which的几种常见情况:
1. 先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little等不定代词时。如:
there is nothing that can stop him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他做这件事。
2. 先行词前有last, next, only,very及序数词、最高级等修饰时。如:
this is the most interesting film that was shown last week. 这是上周所放映的影片中最有
趣的一部。
the only thing that they can do is to wait. 他们唯一能做的事就是等待。
3. 先行词前有序数词或最高级等修饰时。如:
this is the second computer that father has just bought. 这是爸爸刚刚买的第二台电脑。
this is the very pen (that) you bought yesterday. 这正是你昨天买的笔。
4. 当先行词既有人,又有物时。如:
sally is talking about the writer and his book that interests her. 萨丽在谈论这位作家及能使
她感兴趣的这位作家的书。
5. 当主语是who的疑问句。如:
who is the boy that is playing computer games? 在玩电脑游戏的男孩是谁?
二) 当先行词指物时,只能用which而不能用that的场合
1. 关系代词前有介词时。如:
this is the house in which tom once lived. 这是汤姆曾经住过的房子。
2. 在非限定性定语从句(即通常用逗号与主句隔开,如果去掉逗号,整个句子仍能表达完整的意义的定语从句)中。如:
they are talking about the tv play, which they saw last night. 他们正在谈论昨晚看的电视剧。
三、whose在定语从句中作定语,修饰它后面的名词。如:
do you know the girl whose name is lily? 你认识名叫莉莉的女孩吗?
四、当引导词在句中作状语时,应用适当的关系副词。表示时间用when,表示地点用where,表示原因用why。但这些关系副词通常可转换成"介词 + 关系代词"形式。如:
the hotel where/at which the visitors are staying is very expensive. 这些参观者呆的旅馆很贵。
www.77y4.cn
在主从复合句中充当定语的句子是定语从句,它在句中修饰名词或代词。定语从句一般由关系代词that, which, who(m), whose和关系副词when, where, why等引导。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常放在先行词的后面作后置定语。在中,主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。
一、一般情况下,当先行词指人时,用that, who或whom引导。如:
i know the young man that/who is reading under the tree. 我认识在树下读书的那个年轻人。
the girl whom you talked about a moment ago is my daughter. 你们刚才谈论的女孩是我的女儿。
【温馨提示】
当指人的先行词后有介词时,关系代词不用that, 而要用whom。如:
jim is the person for whom you are looking. 吉姆是你在寻找的人。
二、当先行词指物时,用which或that引导。当关系代词在从句中作宾语时常可省略。如:
give me the pen that/which is on the desk. 把桌子上的钢笔给我。
【温馨提示】
一) 当先行词指物时只能用that而不能用which的几种常见情况:
1. 先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little等不定代词时。如:
there is nothing that can stop him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他做这件事。
2. 先行词前有last, next, only,very及序数词、最高级等修饰时。如:
this is the most interesting film that was shown last week. 这是上周所放映的影片中最有
趣的一部。
the only thing that they can do is to wait. 他们唯一能做的事就是等待。
3. 先行词前有序数词或最高级等修饰时。如:
this is the second computer that father has just bought. 这是爸爸刚刚买的第二台电脑。
this is the very pen (that) you bought yesterday. 这正是你昨天买的笔。
4. 当先行词既有人,又有物时。如:
sally is talking about the writer and his book that interests her. 萨丽在谈论这位作家及能使
她感兴趣的这位作家的书。
5. 当主语是who的疑问句。如:
who is the boy that is playing computer games? 在玩电脑游戏的男孩是谁?
二) 当先行词指物时,只能用which而不能用that的场合
1. 关系代词前有介词时。如:
this is the house in which tom once lived. 这是汤姆曾经住过的房子。
2. 在非限定性定语从句(即通常用逗号与主句隔开,如果去掉逗号,整个句子仍能表达完整的意义的定语从句)中。如:
they are talking about the tv play, which they saw last night. 他们正在谈论昨晚看的电视剧。
三、whose在定语从句中作定语,修饰它后面的名词。如:
do you know the girl whose name is lily? 你认识名叫莉莉的女孩吗?
四、当引导词在句中作状语时,应用适当的关系副词。表示时间用when,表示地点用where,表示原因用why。但这些关系副词通常可转换成"介词 + 关系代词"形式。如:
the hotel where/at which the visitors are staying is very expensive. 这些参观者呆的旅馆很贵。
www.77y4.cn