代词易混易错归纳复习_九年级英语教案

    代词是为了避免重复而用来代替名词的词,大多具有名词和形容词的作用,其重要性也不可忽视,主要是以单项选择、用所给单词适当形式填空等题型出现在题中。
    一、疑问代词who, whom, whose
    who指人,是主格形式;whom是who的宾格形式,在句中只作宾语;whose是who所有格形式,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语;在口语中,作宾语的whom常用who来替代,但是,whom前面如有介词,那就不能用who来代替了。
    二、常见的易混的不定代词
    1. some, any
    some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句。但some还可用于表示请求的疑问句中。any用于肯定句时,表示“任何一个(些)”或“三者之中其中之一”的意思。例如:
    i. have some questions to ask.
    have you got any brothers and sisters?
    please ask the teacher if you have any questions.
    2. something, anything, nothing, everything
    something ,anything 的用法与some, any相同, nothing等于not anything。something, anything, nothing, everything作主语时,谓语用第三人称单数形式。something, anything, nothing被形容词修饰时,形容词应放在它们的后面。例如:
    there is nothing important in today's newspaper.
    3.both, either 和neither
    both, either, neither三个词都只限于两者。both表示“两个都……”,是对两者的肯定;neither表示“两个都不……”,是对两者的否定。both与neither也是一对反义词,在进行肯定与否定的句型变化时,只要改变这两个词就行了。either表示“二者之一”的意思。neither作主语时,谓语用第三人称单数形式。例如:
    neither of the answers is correct.
    there are some trees on either side of the river.
    4. few, a few, little, a little
    few, a few后接可数名词复数,little, a little后接不可数名词。few ,little为否定用法,表示“很少,几乎没有”。含有few, little的句子为否定句,在反意疑问句中,反意疑问词部分用肯定式。a little和a few是肯定用法,表示“一些”“几个”之意。例如:
    few of them have been to beijing, have they?
    hurry up, there is little time left.
    5. none, no, all
    none ,no都表示否定的意思。none表示“没有人”或“没有什么东西”,指三者以上,与all是反义词,no表示没有,等于not any , not a。 none作主语时,谓语可用单数或复数。例如:
    none of us have (has) seen the movie.
    there are no dictionaries on the bookshelves.
    6.each, every
    each和every都表示“每个”、“各”,前者强调每个人或事物的个别情况,后者有“全体”的意思。作主语时,谓语用单数形式。例如:every minute is important to us.
    7.many和much
    many修饰可数名词复数,much修饰不可数名词。例如:
    they have many foreign friends.
    when i was young, i used to have so much time.
    8. other, the other, another, others
    ①     other用作形容词时的the other与代词the other有所不同,形容词的the other表示“其他的”,后接名词;代词表示“二者当中的另一个”,常用于“one…the other…”中。例如:he has two sisters. one is a teacher, the other is a nurse.
    ②     表示不定数目中的“一个”与“另一个”,用one…another…例如:i don't want this one. give me another, please.
    ③     强调确定数目中的“一个”与“其它的”,用one…the others…。例如:in their class, one is american, the others are english.
    ④     表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“另一部分”(并非全部)用some…others…例如:many children are in the park. some are singing and others are dancing.
    ⑤     表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“其余的全部”用some…the others…例如:the students of class one are working on the hill. some are carrying water, the others are planting trees.
    ⑥     one after another 表示“一个接一个地”。例如:the boys went into the entrance one after another.
    ⑦     each other 表示“互相”“彼此”。例如:we should help each other.
    9. one与it
    one与it都可以代替上文出现过的名词,但二者是有区别的。one代替与前面事物同属一类事物中的一个,但不是同一个事物; it则往往指上文出现过的特定的事物,即同一事物。例如:
    the computer doesn't work well. i'll try a new one. (不是同一台电脑)
    the computer is new, but it doesn't work well. (指同一台电脑)
    中考真题例析
    1. my cousin is very busy with his work. he has _____ time to read newspapers.
    a. little    b. few    c. a little    d. a few
    (今年,北京)
    解析:此题考查不定代词(a)little, (a)few 四词的区别及用法。time在本题中意为“时间”,是不可数名词,应用little 或 a little,根据句意后一句应表示否定意义,故选little。
    答案:a