今年中考英语语法专题复习19_中考英语

    ⑺ nice与fine:的区别:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等;fine一般指身体或天气好。如:let’s go and share(分享) the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧) / she is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的姑娘) / what a fine day!(多好的天气!) /he’s fine recently(最近).(近来他身体不错)
    ⑻ too much与much too:too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量;much too表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词。如:i am full because i have had too much rice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭) / that coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太贵了)
    ⑼ quick、fast与soon:quick与fast基本同义,quick往往指反应速度快,fast往往指运动速度快,而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生。如:after a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家) / a train is much faster than a bus.(火车比公共汽车快得多) / his father will be back to china very soon.(他父亲很快就要返回中国)
    ⑽lonely与alone:lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是:“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语;alone的意思是:“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。如:he lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.(他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独)/ he is a lonely person. you can not easily get on well with him.(他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易)
    ⑾ other与的区别:两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同,other放在名词前;修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much,后置,另外,or 表示“否则”,是连词。如:the other students are on the playground.(其他在操场上) / who can work out this maths problem?(还有谁能解出着道题?) / this is nobody ’s money. it’s mine.(这不是别的什么人的钱,是我的。) / do you have anything to say for yourself?(你还有什么要为自己说的吗?
    ⑿ special与especial的区别:表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可互换,但special较为常用。另外,special还可以表示特别的目的。如: she pays (e)special attention to clothes.(她非常注重着装) / these are special chairs for small children.(这些是专门给小孩子的椅子)
    ⒀ gone、lost、missing的区别:gone表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语;lost表示“丢失”,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补;missing表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。如:my fever(高烧) is gone, but i still have a cough.(发烧消退了,但我仍然咳嗽) / the parents found the lost child at last.(终于找到了迷路的孩子) / my dictionary is missing.who’s taken it away?(我的字典不见了,谁拿走了?) / for more detailed information(详情) of the missing girls, please visit our website(网址).(如果想知道失踪女孩们的详情,请访问我们的网站)
    ⒁ living、alive、live、lively的区别:四个词都动词live“生活、居住”。
    living读[‘livin]有三个意思:①“活着的、现存的”,作表语或定语,②“一模一样的、逼真的”,③相当于lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的”;
    live读[laiv],指东西“活的”,可以替换为living;
    alive读[[‘laiv]作表语,指人“活着的”,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面;
    lively读[‘laivli]有三个意思:①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,②(色彩)鲜艳的,③生动的、真实的。
    例如:a living language should be learned orally(口头上).(活的语言应该从口头上学)(被动句) / we have a living hope that you will succeed.(我们强烈地希望你能成功) / is she still alive?(她还活着吗?) / they are the happiest children alive.(他们是活着的最开心的孩子) / this is a live fish.(这是条活鱼) / a live wire(电线) is dangerous.(有电的电线是危险的) / she is as lively as a kitten(小猫).(她像小猫一样可爱) / he gave a lively description of the football match.(他生动地描述了那场足球赛)
    ⒂ sick与ill区别:sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是,sick可以做定语、表语,而ill只能做表语。如:he has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.(他病了很久,现在非常虚弱) / vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets’ owners like them.(兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物,很受宠物主人们的喜爱)
    ⒃ the poor(穷人们) / the rich(富人们)等用法:“the+形容词”这一结构可以表示一类人物,复数含义。如:we must try our best to help the poor.(我们应该尽力帮助穷人们) / the rich never know how the poor are living.(有钱人哪知穷人怎么过日子)