今年TOEFL考试模拟题(3-1)_托福模拟题
structure and written expression
1. cobalt resembles iron and nickel in tensile strength, appearance, ______.
(a) is hard
(b) although hard
(c) has hardness
(d) and hardness
2. _____ who was the first black woman to run for the office of president of the united
states in 1972.
(a) shirley s. chisholm
(b) it was shirley s. chisholm
(c) shirley s. chisholm was
(d) when shirley s.chisholm
3._______ versatile performer, soprano kathleen battle has often concluded a program of
art songs and arias with selections from ragtime or popular music .
(a) a
(b) which
(c) so
(d) because
4. before starting on a sea voyage, prudent navigators learn the sea charts, ______and
memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves for any conditions they might
encounter.
(a) sailing directions are studied
(b) study the sailing directions
(c) to direct sailing studies
(d) studies direct sailing
5. ______ social nesting birds that built their nests in trees and on cliffs.
(a) the most storks
(b) most are storks
(c) most storks are
(d) storks most
6. plankton, ______, is the basic foodstuff for everything that lives in the ocean.
(a) comprise both minute marine animals and plants
(b) is the name given to minute marine animals and plants
(c) the collective name for minute marine animals and plants
(d) minute marine animals and plants collectively that
7. the best-known diffuse nebula is the great orion nebula, _______ can be seen by the
naked eye.
(a) one
(b) it
(c) which
(d) who
8. of all the economically important plants, palms have been ______.
(a) the least studied
(b) study the least
(c) study less and less
(d) to study the less
9. most amphibians hatch from eggs laid in water or moist ground, and begin
life _____ water-dwelling larvae.
(a) such
(b) as
(c) to be
(d) are
10. at the seventh international ballet competitions, fernando bujones won the first
gold medal ever ____ to a united states male dancer.
(a) to be awarded
(b) to award
(c) that awards
(d) should be awarding
11. founded around 1075, the acoma pueblo is considered _____ settlement in the
united states.
(a) the oldest continuously occupied
(b) occupied continuously the oldest
(c) the oldest occupied continuously
(d) continuously the oldest occupied
12. on march 1, 1867, _____ to the union when president andrew johnson’s veto was
ove
rridden.
(a) since the state of nebraska had been admitted
(b) admitted that the state of nebraska
(c) the admission of the state of nebraska
(d) the state of nebraska was admitted
13. the best known of all the arctic birds, _____.
(a) birdwatchers favor ptarmigans
(b) being ptarmigans’ and birdwatchers’ favorites
(c) favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchers
(d) ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers
14. nearly all trees contain a mix of polymers that can bum like petroleum _____ properly
extracted.
(a) after
(b) if
(c) when it
(d) is
15. acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _____.
(a) do
(b) hear
(c) do them
(d) hearing it
16. emily dickinson ,one of the greatest poets of the united states, was entirely almost
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unknown to the people of her own time.
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17. charcoal is employed widely as a deodorizer because it absorbs gases good.
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18. abstract expressionism was a movement in american painting that flourished from
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the mid-1940’s and the mid-1950’s.
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19.the national cowboy hall of fame in oklahoma city pay tribute to everyone
牐 ___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ___牐牐
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associated with what americans call the "old west".
___________ ___
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20. scientists can detect when someone is dreaming by using an electroencephalograph,
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ____牐牐
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a machine that registers difference brain waves in a sleeping individual.
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21. the obie awards have been given annually for 1956 to outstanding artists in
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off_broadway theater.牐牐
22. the earliest soaps were made of many different kind of raw materials.
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23. because geophysics embraces the concepts, data, and methods of variety other
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sciences, it is very broad in scope, and its bo
undaries are hard to define.
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24. a white oak at rutgers university is said to had been the inspiration for joyce
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kilmer’s poem "trees".
牐牐牐牐牐牐燺____
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d牐
25. starfish move, feed, and breathes with their tube feet.
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26. the whitney museum continues to reflect the diversity of the art of the united states
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in all of it acquisitions.
牐牐牐牐牐燺_________
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27. photovoltaics, commonly called "solar cells", convert sunlight direct into electricity.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ____________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ______牐牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐牐燺______牐
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28. despite the broad acclaim of him novels, james baldwin is most highly respected as
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an essayist and social critic.
29. along the east coast, american indian women’s councils could veto a declaration
牐牐燺______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺______燺_________牐
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of war at refusing to supply moccasins and field rations.
牐牐牐牐 _______
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚牐
30. in proportion to its size, the hungriest animal is the shrew, which must consume several
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times their own weight everyday.
牐牐牐 ___牐牐牐 _____牐
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31 . the novels of pearl s. buck show a keen understanding of china and the chinese
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people, knowledge which learned by living there for many years.
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32. north america has eight time zone, ranging from newfoundland on the east coast
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to alaska on the west coast.
__牐
d
33. historians believe that some forms of an advertising must be as old as barter and
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ________牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐燺_________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐
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trade.
34. although fluorine tests and x-ray analyses, archaeologists can prove the validity of
牐牐燺______牐牐牐牐牐 ___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺______牐牐 _____牐
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artifacts.
35. dams are used to control flooding, provide water&
nbsp;for irrigation, and generating
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electricity for the surrounding area.
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36. the development of photographic techniques and equipment provided an important
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aid to industry, medical, and research.
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37. united states tennis championship pancho gonzales gained international acclaim for
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 __________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 _________牐牐牐牐牐 __牐
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his strong serve.
牐 _____牐
牐牐牐 d牐
38. many television newscasters make the public an eyewitness to the news by means of
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on_the_spot, alive reports.
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39. certain zoologists regard crows and ravens are the most intelligent of birds.
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40. while the twentieth century, the field of dentistry as developed branches that specialize
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in the treatment of individual dental problems.
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1. cobalt resembles iron and nickel in tensile strength, appearance, ______.
(a) is hard
(b) although hard
(c) has hardness
(d) and hardness
2. _____ who was the first black woman to run for the office of president of the united
states in 1972.
(a) shirley s. chisholm
(b) it was shirley s. chisholm
(c) shirley s. chisholm was
(d) when shirley s.chisholm
3._______ versatile performer, soprano kathleen battle has often concluded a program of
art songs and arias with selections from ragtime or popular music .
(a) a
(b) which
(c) so
(d) because
4. before starting on a sea voyage, prudent navigators learn the sea charts, ______and
memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves for any conditions they might
encounter.
(a) sailing directions are studied
(b) study the sailing directions
(c) to direct sailing studies
(d) studies direct sailing
5. ______ social nesting birds that built their nests in trees and on cliffs.
(a) the most storks
(b) most are storks
(c) most storks are
(d) storks most
6. plankton, ______, is the basic foodstuff for everything that lives in the ocean.
(a) comprise both minute marine animals and plants
(b) is the name given to minute marine animals and plants
(c) the collective name for minute marine animals and plants
(d) minute marine animals and plants collectively that
7. the best-known diffuse nebula is the great orion nebula, _______ can be seen by the
naked eye.
(a) one
(b) it
(c) which
(d) who
8. of all the economically important plants, palms have been ______.
(a) the least studied
(b) study the least
(c) study less and less
(d) to study the less
9. most amphibians hatch from eggs laid in water or moist ground, and begin
life _____ water-dwelling larvae.
(a) such
(b) as
(c) to be
(d) are
10. at the seventh international ballet competitions, fernando bujones won the first
gold medal ever ____ to a united states male dancer.
(a) to be awarded
(b) to award
(c) that awards
(d) should be awarding
11. founded around 1075, the acoma pueblo is considered _____ settlement in the
united states.
(a) the oldest continuously occupied
(b) occupied continuously the oldest
(c) the oldest occupied continuously
(d) continuously the oldest occupied
12. on march 1, 1867, _____ to the union when president andrew johnson’s veto was
ove
rridden.
(a) since the state of nebraska had been admitted
(b) admitted that the state of nebraska
(c) the admission of the state of nebraska
(d) the state of nebraska was admitted
13. the best known of all the arctic birds, _____.
(a) birdwatchers favor ptarmigans
(b) being ptarmigans’ and birdwatchers’ favorites
(c) favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchers
(d) ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers
14. nearly all trees contain a mix of polymers that can bum like petroleum _____ properly
extracted.
(a) after
(b) if
(c) when it
(d) is
15. acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _____.
(a) do
(b) hear
(c) do them
(d) hearing it
16. emily dickinson ,one of the greatest poets of the united states, was entirely almost
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺__牐牐牐牐燺_____牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ___________
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙
unknown to the people of her own time.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_________
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d
17. charcoal is employed widely as a deodorizer because it absorbs gases good.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 _牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 _____牐 _牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺___
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚
18. abstract expressionism was a movement in american painting that flourished from
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ___
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 c
the mid-1940’s and the mid-1950’s.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺__
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d
19.the national cowboy hall of fame in oklahoma city pay tribute to everyone
牐 ___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ___牐牐
牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐
associated with what americans call the "old west".
___________ ___
牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐 d
20. scientists can detect when someone is dreaming by using an electroencephalograph,
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ____牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘
a machine that registers difference brain waves in a sleeping individual.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 _______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ______牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d牐牐
21. the obie awards have been given annually for 1956 to outstanding artists in
牐牐燺__牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_牐牐牐牐牐牐 ________牐牐牐牐 __牐
牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚
off_broadway theater.牐牐
22. the earliest soaps were made of many different kind of raw materials.
牐牐燺________牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ______燺__牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐燚牐
23. because geophysics embraces the concepts, data, and methods of variety other
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 _______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺________
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐
sciences, it is very broad in scope, and its bo
undaries are hard to define.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_____牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ____
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚牐
24. a white oak at rutgers university is said to had been the inspiration for joyce
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐燺______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 __
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐燙
kilmer’s poem "trees".
牐牐牐牐牐牐燺____
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d牐
25. starfish move, feed, and breathes with their tube feet.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_____牐牐牐 ___牐牐牐 ___
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙牐牐牐牐牐燚牐
26. the whitney museum continues to reflect the diversity of the art of the united states
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ______________牐牐 ______牐牐牐牐燺_牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙牐牐
in all of it acquisitions.
牐牐牐牐牐燺_________
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d牐
27. photovoltaics, commonly called "solar cells", convert sunlight direct into electricity.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ____________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ______牐牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐牐燺______牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐 d
28. despite the broad acclaim of him novels, james baldwin is most highly respected as
牐牐燺_____牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 __牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_
牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚
an essayist and social critic.
29. along the east coast, american indian women’s councils could veto a declaration
牐牐燺______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺______燺_________牐
牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙牐牐牐牐
of war at refusing to supply moccasins and field rations.
牐牐牐牐 _______
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚牐
30. in proportion to its size, the hungriest animal is the shrew, which must consume several
牐牐燺___________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 _______________牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐牐牐
times their own weight everyday.
牐牐牐 ___牐牐牐 _____牐
牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐燚牐
31 . the novels of pearl s. buck show a keen understanding of china and the chinese
牐牐牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ____牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐牐牐牐牐
people, knowledge which learned by living there for many years.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺________牐 牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d牐牐牐
32. north america has eight time zone, ranging from newfoundland on the east coast
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ___ _____牐牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐燙牐牐
to alaska on the west coast.
__牐
d
33. historians believe that some forms of an advertising must be as old as barter and
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ________牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐燺_________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺___牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d牐牐
trade.
34. although fluorine tests and x-ray analyses, archaeologists can prove the validity of
牐牐燺______牐牐牐牐牐 ___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺______牐牐 _____牐
牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚牐牐牐
artifacts.
35. dams are used to control flooding, provide water&
nbsp;for irrigation, and generating
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺______牐牐牐燺_______牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙牐
electricity for the surrounding area.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ___牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d牐
36. the development of photographic techniques and equipment provided an important
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 _________牐牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐
aid to industry, medical, and research.
牐 __牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_____牐
牐牐燙牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 d牐牐
37. united states tennis championship pancho gonzales gained international acclaim for
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 __________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 _________牐牐牐牐牐 __牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙
his strong serve.
牐 _____牐
牐牐牐 d牐
38. many television newscasters make the public an eyewitness to the news by means of
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺______牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 __________牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺________
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙牐
on_the_spot, alive reports.
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺__牐
牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚
39. certain zoologists regard crows and ravens are the most intelligent of birds.
牐牐燺____牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燺__牐牐牐牐牐牐燺_____牐牐 ___牐
牐牐牐牐燗牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 b牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燙牐牐牐牐牐燚牐
40. while the twentieth century, the field of dentistry as developed branches that specialize
牐牐燺___牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐 ______牐牐牐牐
牐牐牐 a牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燘牐牐
in the treatment of individual dental problems.
牐燺________牐牐燺___________牐牐
牐牐牐牐 c牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐牐燚