今年6月六级英语考试模拟试题（四）_CET模拟题
directions: there are 4 reading passages in this part. each passage is
followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them
there are four choices marked a), b), c)and d). you should decide on the
best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a
single line through the centre.
passage 1
it is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is
really good science it is impossible to predict. if the things to be found
are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. you cannot
make choices in this matter. you either have science or you don't, and if
you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces
of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.
the only solid piece of scientific truth about which i feel totally
confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. indeed, i
regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology.
it is, in its way, an illuminating piece of news. it would have amazed the
brightest minds of the 18th century enlightenment to be told by any of us
how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead. it is this
sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents
the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human
intellect. in earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things
worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps.
now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of
how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. because of
this, we are depressed. it is not so bad being ignorant if you
...
are totally
ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of
ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no
true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be
trusted.
but we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction.
there are probably no questions we can think up that can't be answered,
sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. to be sure,
there may well be questions we can't think up, ever, and therefore limits
to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. within our
limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if
we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.
21. according to the author, really good science . a. would surprise the
brightest minds of the 18th century enlightenment b. will produce results
which cannot be foreseen c. will help people to make the right choice in
advanced. will bring about disturbing results
22. it can be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18th
century .a. thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most
problems of science b. were afraid of facing up to the realities of
scientific research c. knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know
more about natured. did more harm than good in promoting man's
understanding of nature
23. which of the following statements is not true of scientists in earlier
times? a. they invented false theories to explain things they didn't
understand. b. they falsely claimed to know all about nature. c. they did
not believe in results from scientific observation. d. they paid little
attention to the problems they didn't understand.
24. what is
...
the author's attitude towards science? a. he is depressed
because of the ignorance of scientists. b. he is doubtful because of the
enormous difficulties confronting it. c. he is confident though he is
aware of the enormous difficulties confronting it. d. he is delighted
because of the illuminating scientific findings.
25. the author believes that . a. man can find solutions to whatever
questions concerning nature he can think up b. man cannot solve all the
problems he can think up because of the limits of human intellect c.
sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and
answer them d. questions concerning consciousness are outside the scope of
scientific research
passage 2
archaeology has long been an accepted tool for studying prehistoric
cultures. relatively recently the same techniques have been systematically
applied to studies of more immediate past. this has been called“historical
archaeology". a term that is used in the
archaeological investigation into north american sites that postdate the
arrival of europeans.
back in the 1930s and 1940s, when restoration was popular, historical
archeology was primarily a tool of architectural reconstruction. the role
of archaeologists was to find the foundations of historic buildings and
then take back seat to architects.
the maina for reconstruction had largely subsided by the 1950s and 1960s.
most people entering historical archaeology during this period came out of
university anthropology departments where they had studied prehistoric
cultures. they were, by training, social scientists, not historians, and
...
their work tended to reflect this bias. the questions they framed and the
techniques they used were designed to help them understand, as scientists,
how people behaved. but because they were treading on historical ground
for which there was often extensive written documentation and because
their own knowledge of these periods was usually limited, their
contributions to american history remained circumscribed. their reports,
highly technical and sometimes poorly written, went unread.
more recently, professional archaeologists have taken over. these
researchers have sought to demonstrate that their work can be a valuable
tool not only of science but also of history, providing fresh insights
into the daily lives of ordinary people whose existences might not
otherwise be so well documented. this newer emphasis on archaeology as
social history has shown great promise, and indeed work done in this area
has led to a reinterpretation of the
in
indicates that english goods were being smuggled into that city at a time
when the dutch supposedly controlled trading in the area. and in
hotel revealed that garbage had been stashed in the building's basement
despite sanitation laws to the contrary.
26. what is the main topic of the passage?a. how the purpose and the
methods of historical archaeology have changed. b. how archaeology has
been applied to studies of prehistoric cultures.c. the attitude of
professional archaeologists hold toward historical archaeology. d. the
contributions make to historical archaeology.
...
27. according to the passage, what is a relatively new focus in
archaeology?a. studying prehistoric cultures. b. investigating ancient
sites in what is now the
28. according to the passage, when had historical archaeologists been
trained as anthropologists?a. before the 1930sb. during the 1930s and
1940sc. during the 1950s and 1960sd. after the 1960s
29. in the third paragraph, the author implies the questions and
techniques of history and those of social science are . a. of equal value
in studying prehistoric cultures b. quite different from each otherc. all
aiming to understand people's behaviord. all highly technical and poorly
written
30. the equivalent of the“supposedly" in the last paragraph is .a.
rigidlyb. barelyc. seeminglyd. ruthlessly
passage 3
many of the most damaging and life-threatening types of
weather——torrential rains, severe thunderstorm, and tornadoes——begin
quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions
while leaving neighboring areas untouched. one such event, a tornado,
struck the northeastern section of
damages from the tornado exceeded $ 250 million, the highest ever for any
canadian storm. conventional computer models of the atmosphere have
limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the
tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed
enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that
...
precede these storms. in most nations, for example, weather-balloon
observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically
separated by hundreds of miles. with such limited data, conventional
forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather
conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local
events.
until recently, the observation——intensive approach needed for accurate,
very short-range forecasts, or“nowcast", was not feasible. the cost of
equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations
was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly
collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were
insurmountable. fortunately, scientific and technological advances have
overcome most of these problems. radar systems, automated weather
instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly
continuous observations over large regions at a relatively low cost.
communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and
instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this
large volume of weather information. meteorologists and computer
scientists now work together to design computer programs and video
equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols,
and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and
quickly. as meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in
weather forecasting offices, nowcasting is becoming a reality.
31.the author mentions the tornado in
indicate that tornadoes are common in the summerb. give an example of a
...
damaging stormc. explain different types of weatherd. show that tornadoes
occur frequently in
32. all the following are mentioned as an advance in short-range weather
forecasting except .a. weather balloonsb. radar systemsc. automated
instrumentsd. satellites
33. with nowcasting, it first became possible to provide information about
.a. short-lived local stormsb. radar networksc. long-range weather
forecastsd.general weather conditions
34. with which of the following statements is the author most likely to
agree?a. communications satellites can predict severe weather.b.
meteorologists should standardize computer programs.c. the
observation-intensive approach is no longer useful.d. weather predictions
are becoming more accurate.
35. nowcasting would be best illustrated by .a. a five-day forecastb. a
warning about a severe thunder-storm on the radioc. the average rainfall
for each monthd. a list of temperatures in major cities
passage 4
the relationship between the home and market economies has gone through
two distinct stages. early industrialization began the process of
transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and
canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. although the home economy
could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the
market economy was usually more efficient. soon, the more important second
stage was evident——the marketplace began producing goods and services that
had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was
unable to produce them (eg. electricity and electrical appliances, the
automobil
[7] ...
e, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). in the second
stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in
producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were
to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained
in the marketplace. the traditional ways of taking care of these needs in
the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and,
in most serious cases, probably less successful).
just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn
carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television
changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background
music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the
options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or
services or purchase them in the market. growth brought with it increased
variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home
economy in obtaining these goods and services. instead, economic growth
brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. in order
to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the
marketplace as wage earners and consumers. the neoclassical model that
views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services
directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of
the first stage. it cannot accurately be applied to the second (and
current) stage.
36. the reason why many production processes were taken over by the
marketplace was that .a. it was a necessary step in the process of
industrializationb. they depended on electricity available only to the
market economyc. it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homed.
[8] ...
the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes
37. it can be seen from the passage that in the second stage .a. some
traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by the
home economyb. the market economy provided new goods and services never
produced by the home economyc. producing traditional goods at home became
socially unacceptabled. whether new goods and services were produced by
the home economy became irrelevant
38. during the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and
services, they had to enter the marketplace .a. as wage earnersb. both as
manufacturers and consumersc. both as workers and purchasersd. as
customers
39. economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to
obtain the new goods and service because .a. the family was not efficient
in productionb. it was illegal for the home economy to produce themc. it
could not supply them by itselfd. the market for these goods and services
was limited
40. the neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage,
because at this stage .a. the family could rely either on the home economy
or on the marketplace for the needed goods and servicesb. many production
processes were being transferred to the marketplacec. consumers relied
more and more on the market economyd. the family could decide how to
transfer production processes to the marketplace
part iii vocabulary (20 minutes)
directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each
sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c)and d). choose the one
that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on
the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
[9] ...
41. the town in the valley is by a high mountain. a. confronted b.
distributed c. constitutedd. dominated
42. if you lie once, people will think of you as a liar and interpret your
remarks .a. certainly b. accordingly c. approximately d. appropriately
43. you have to follow the set out in the book very closely. if you miss
out any of the stages, you will be in danger. a. relationship b.
argumentc. procedure d. procession
44. the authorities that the income from exports will rise this year
because both exports and prices have increased. a. confirm b. expect c.
prove d. inspect
45. the manager of the firm said a few words about jack, whose was clear
only to the people who are present. a. implication b. illustration c.
instruction d. irrigation
46. for many people, overeating and overspending are as to christmas as
candles and holly. a. integral b. suitable c. inevitable d. compatible
47. the lightning flashed and thunder .a. bumped b. struck c. collided d.
crashed
48. after so many weeks without rain, the ground quickly the little rain
that fell last night. a. drained b. digested c. absorbed d. soaked
49. many hunting and gathering people of the late 10th century have
recently adopted some form of organized agriculture to their wild food
resources. a. compliment b. implement c. supply d. supplement
50. the lawyer pointed out that it would be a mistake to apply this law to
situations which are outside its .a. field b. range c. limit d. extent
51. the most important factor in determining how well you perform in the
cet-4 is the of your own minds. a. sense b. comprehension c. state d.
point
52. as children grow and matur
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