英语专业八级考前拉力赛答案与详解(1)_TEM8试题
part Ⅰ listening comprehension
section a
1.答案a
【解题思路】了解讲话者正在讲的内容。
【详细解答】文中提到“caution”,“discernment”,“how to distinguish the right from the wrong”,但都是作为解释“prudence”的铺垫,“prudence”为“wisdom to deal with practical matters.”
2.答案d
【解题思路】弄清圣托马斯·阿奎那斯对“审慎”的比喻。
【详细解答】this talk中有:st’ thomas aquinas referred to prudence as the “rudder virtue”,the one that “steers” the others.without it,we are like someone adrift in a boat,tossed in this direetion or that by the wind,the waves,and the current.this,the “prudent” person is one who never “rocks the boat” and is...“rudder”为“steering device on a ship or vehicle,”驾驶;“rock the boat”为“do harm”破坏。
3.答案b
【解题思路】弄清文中所指的“discernment”的近义词
【详细解答】“discernment”为“the ability to detect or perceive with the eyes or intellect.”明辨,分辨。讲话者特别指出:the word that actually comes cloest to functioning as a synonym for prudence is “discernment.”
4.答案c
【解题思路】弄清一个审慎的人的最主要的特点。
【详细解答】讲话者认为:the prudent person fully examines a situation and seeks advice from others.reaching out to others for counsel before acting is one of the classic marks of a prudent person.其中“counsel”为“the act of exchanging opinions and ideas;consultation;advice.”询求。
5.答案b
【解题思路】根据全文的意思来推测这个词组的含义。
【详细解答】size up出现在“the prudent person is one who size up a situation and decide,or discern,what is the wiest and most moral counse of action to take”——审慎的人会审时度势,能确定或看出什么是应该采取的最明智和最合乎道德的行为。
section b
6.答案c
【解题思路】弄清格林先生去年燃料费用高的原因以及使用者的情况。
【详细解答】mr.green说“my mother-in-law was staying with us and she wanted the temperature around 80° all the time.”“mother-in-law”为“the mother of one’s spouse”岳母。
7.答案a
【解题思路】弄清在冬天使人暖气舒服的温度。
【详细解答】这篇conversation中的度数为华氏度-degree fahrenheit:of or according to a temperature scale that registers the freezing point of water as 32 and the boiling point as 212 at one atmosphere of pressure.
8.答案c
【解题思路】弄清最普遍的取暖方式。
【详细解答】conversation中有“a heat chamber heats air,which passes throughs ducts and openings into the rooms by blowers or by convection.”“blowers”为“the devices to give release a blast of air or wind”鼓风机,“convection”为“heat transfer in a gasor liquid by the circulation of currents from one region to another.转换。”
9.答案c
【解题思路】弄清小型个体空调的缺点。
【详细解答】conversation中有:however,in homes which are not constructed for the central system,small individual air conditioners are installed at several windows.this is probably easiest way,but the temperature of the room is quite uneven.其中“uneven”为“not equal,as in size,length,or quality.”不均衡。
10.答案d
【解题思路】弄清在暖气下进行蒸气密封的作用。
【详细解答】“vapor”为“gaseous form into which certain liquid or solid substance can be converted by heating.”“seal”为“an air-tight closure.”密封。 section c
news item Ⅰ
11.答案a
【解题思路】掌握消息中发生的事件。
【详细解答】新闻的结构是:事件+细节+结果。在听第一段时就可以知道what's happening.“the first prototype of an sircraft intended to revolutionize travel and shatter speed records was destroyed during its maiden fight on saturday after a booster rocket carrying it a loft veered out of control and tumbled from the sky.”其中“shatter”为“to break or burst suddenly into pieces,as with a violent blow”;“maiden”为“earliest,first”主要的;“veer”为“to turn aside from a course,direction,or purpose”转变;“tumble”为“fall or roll end over end”颠倒。
12.答案b
【解题思路】了解x-43a模型飞机的真正使命。
【详细解答】“prototype”的proto为prefix,意思为“earliest;original”原型的,即:first or original example of sth that ha
s been or will be copied or developed;model or preliminary version。
news item Ⅰ
13.答案b
【解题思路】了解印度尼西亚总统要解雇的对象。
【详细解答】第一段中提到embattled indonesian president warned yesterday that he would move against those who ignore him,after police and lawmakers disregarded his decision to fire the national chief。
14.答案d
【解题思路】弄清高层立法者对wahid的控告内容。
【详细解答】这个题目考查在众多杂乱的细节找寻答案的能力,消息中有:he late met with senior legislators who accused wahid of violating the constitution by firing the chief without consulting parliament.
15.答案a
【解题思路】掌握wahid宣布解雇国家警察的时间。
【详细解答】消息中:the president,facing impeachment over allegations of corruption and incompetence,which he denies,fired bimantoro and several cabinet ministers on friday and....其中“impeachment”为“the activity of changing a public official with improper conduct in office before a proper tribunal.”
section d
1.答案disciplines
【解题思路】掌握“学科”的说法。
【详细解答】“disciplines”为“a branch of knowledge or teaching,subjects”。
2.答案historical
【解题思路】掌握“与目前对比”的说法。
【详细解答】“dispel”为“to rid of by or as if by scattering”historical and “historic” are differentiated in usage,though their senses overlap. “historic” refers to what is important in history.“historical” refers to whatever existed in the past,whether regarded as important or not a historical character(人物)。
3.答案phonetics
【解题思路】掌握“语音学”的说法。。
【详细解答】“phonetics”为“the branch of linguistics that deals with the study of the sounds of speech”。
4.答案patterns
【解题思路】掌握“模式”的说法。
【详细解答】“patterns”为“ways in which sth happens,moves,develops or is arranged”。
5.答案grammatical
【解题思路】掌握“语法的”的说法。
【详细解答】“grammatical”为“of the rules about the knowledge of reflections,syntax and word-formation of the languages”。
6.答案society
【解题思路】掌握“社会”的说法。
【详细解答】“society”为“human beings collectively”。
7.答案biological
【解题思路】掌握“学的”说法。
【详细解答】“biological”为“of or relating to the science of life and of living organisms”。
8.答案mechanisms
【解题思路】掌握“机制”的说法。
【详细解答】“mechanisms”为“systems of past that operate or interact like those of a machine”。
9.答案sign
【解题思路】掌握“手语”的说法。
【详细解答】“sign”为“an act or gesture used to convey an idea”。
10.答案universals
【解题思路】掌握“普遍规律”的说法。
【详细解答】“universals”为“general or common rules”。
part Ⅱ proof-reading & error-correctiing;
【短文大意】
史蒂夫和耶塞最初是在美国一所大学上课时认识的。耶塞是来自约旦的留。他很高兴能够结识一个美国人,他想要更多地了解美国文化,希望和史蒂夫成为好朋友。
有些文化中,友谊意味着两个人之间的一种牢固的终身关系。在这些文化中,友谊发展很慢,因为他们的友谊是为了持久而培养起来的。美国社会是一个急速变化的社会。有研究表明,美国家庭中,每年有1/5的家庭要搬家。美国人的友谊来得快,可能去得也快。
11.答案:always ∧ yaser:greetedhe always yaser warmly before class中没有谓语。“greet”为“to welcome or salute in a friendly and respectful way”问侯。
12.答案:ever:even.“ever”为“at any time”;“even”为“to a greater degree”文中有“steve greeted yaser and offered to study with yaser,and then invited yaser to eat with him.”表示程度,故用“even”。
13.答案:near:distant.“but”在文中表示转折,不应是递进关系,所以more near不对,并且more不可能修饰单音节词,“distant”为“separate,or apart in space or time,far apart in relationship”远的。
14.答案:uninterested:interested.结合上下文。“steve didn't seem uninterested in talking to him”与“but...”出现的变化不相符,故有错误。
15.答案:change ∧ attitude:of“yaser was hurt by steve's change attitude”中的“change”是动词还是名词,不清楚,中间加上“of”,表明态度的转变。
16.答案:of/:to be deleted.“complain”上加上of,后应该有对象。
17.答案:outside:outsider.“he is an outside to american culture”中的“outside”多数作为adj.或adv.用an在前,应该为n.“outsider”为“one who is not part of a group or community.”
18.答案:friendships ∧ based:are.“be based on”是一个词组,或者是based sth on。
19.答案:friendship ∧ fade:will.
20.答案: “american friendships develop quickly,and they may change just as quickly” 为“美国人的友谊来得快,去得也快”,表示as quickly as they develop。
part Ⅲ reading comprehension
text a短文大意
本文选自里克·奥拉姆的“工人们期望每两年换一份新工作”
西方各大公司的管理部门过去向长期雇员赠送金表,以此感谢他们的忠诚服务。与培训赞助会说,这样的日子已经成为往昔的记忆。在雇员走向多种不同工作的新时代中,劳务市场的新成员可望每两年换一份工作,每十年换一个行当。
与过去的传统相反,西方的雇主开始物色那些自觉的学习者作为新雇员,这些人能在正规的中学和大学毕业后继续接受。与此同时,各商业机构正在创造条件使工人在岗位上自学成才。这样所有的工人在事业上的技能和创新力不断地得到进步和增强。当然,按照商业理论的说法,工人的劳动生产率将会提高,随之而来公司的利润也会增加。看来这是一种不可逆转的发展趋势。
16.答案c
【参考译文】以下的陈述哪一句不符合原文?
【分析】考查分析非事实的能力。
【详细解答】这篇文章讲的正是:workers in the west often stayed with a company all their lives.now it seems a new trend is here,and settling down with a company for life
is no longer an option for the western workers.这是一种变化,而不是一直存在的事实,故c错误。
17.答案a
【参考译文】在整个西方商界劳动大军的构成以及发展的新的变化是什么?
【分析】考查综合的能力。
【详细解答】在第2段中有“...layers of middle management are being removed,leaving more workers responsible for their own development.所以劳动者的自我调节、学习、培养,适应的能力是发展的新情况。
text b短文大意
本文选自威尔逊与德拉·卡瓦的“举世依然缅怀‘人民的王妃’”
戴安娜王妃逝世一年了,她似乎还活在人间。跟埃尔维斯一样看来她注定要长生不老了。该怎样看待戴安娜尚待定论:她究竟是圣人还是罪人?是救世主还是令人讨厌的人?是人民的王妃,还是给王室惹麻烦的人?作者分别列举几种人对待戴安娜的态度,同时说明定论还尚早。
18.答案d
【参考译文】根据文章的意思关于如何认识diana这个问题作者自己的态度是什么?
【分析】考查综合分析全文把握作者态度的能力。
【详细解答】文章中作者列举三种情况:she has been considered as a savior,a cinderella and people respeet her;she has been treated with indifference,nothing more than a shrug by some;some people are caught is the maddle,not canonizing her,not criticizing her either.在title中的“crave”为“to want intensely”,而people's pricess这种说法被quoted。故选择d是正确的。it's to be determined有待决定。
19.答案a
【参考译文】作者的语气是怎样的?
【分析】考查进一步分析综合问题的能力。
【详细解答】作者引经据典了很多celebrities的看法,应该说是比较objective但注意作者的choice of words,“thank you very much”:nothing more than a shurg”等,作者的态度是诙谐的,尤其是最后一段“it is a comedy”。
text c短文大意
本文介绍了詹姆斯·米切纳,选自康斯坦斯·凯西的“快乐的慈善家”。
在他漫长的写作生涯中,詹姆斯·米切纳一直在追求一个目标:从他43部小说稿酬中至少拿出90%用于捐赠。他实际做到的似乎比这些还要多。到1997年10月他去世时,他的资产估价不足1000万美元,然而他的捐款却多达1.17亿美元。
米切纳堪是其他慈善家的典范,这不仅体现于他捐赠的数目,更体现于他捐赠的方式。这位作家致力于行善,并对所捐款项加以落实,以弄清钱的去向。他为自己热心的事业慷慨解囊,并从中获乐良多。
20.答案a
【参考译文】根据课文推出正确的陈述。
【分析】考查区别事实与非事实的能力。
【详细解答】文中表明:james michener will be remembered as an industrious and successful writer.but he was also an industrious and successful philarthropist.“philanthropist”为“a person enjoying a charitable activity or institution”。
21.答案b
【参考译文】詹姆斯·米切纳生于哪一年?
【分析】考查快速掌握事实进行推算的能力。
【详细解答】文中有“michener was 90 when he died.”“... at his death,in october 1997,his assets...”故不难推出他的出生年月。
22.答案b
【参考译文】领会全文意见之后詹姆斯·米切纳又可被称为什么?
【分析】考查综合全文抓住中心的能力。
【详细解答】他是一个快乐的人,给予钱财于他人让他感到快乐。
text d短文大意
本文选自约翰·卡林的文章“一场新的工作方式的革命”美国的职员不用去理睬老板,他们在自己家就能过上很好的日子,一场不声响的革命正在席卷着美国越来越多的人在传统的法人机构之外工作。
23.答案b
【参考译文】丹·平克在采访中会怎样陈述自己的观点?
【分析】考查理解文中人物性格的能力。
【详细解答】dan pink chose 1997's independence day,the fourth of july,to forsake the power and glory of the white house for the freedom and self-sufficiency of “the pink house”所以不难看出他作为一个自由职业者的决心与勇气。
24.答案d
【参考译文】根据课文旧式的工作模式会是怎样的。
【分析】考查的逻辑推理能力。
【详细解答】本文的中心正是:workers in the us are turning their backs on the bosses and making a good living in their own houses.
25.答案d
【参考译文】根据托利·鲁耐尔的结论,我们可以看出工业革命后人们生活上最大的变化,这因为……
【分析】本题考查综合分析能力。
【详细解答】把握全文主旨,便可得出答案。
text e短文大意
本文选自伯纳德·霍洛伍德的小说“每天早晨七点钟”。
作者讲述了发生在自己身上一件极为尴尬的事情,就是每次清晨去拿报纸的时候,发现报刊经销人将自己的名字拼错了,为了消除同事以及路人对他的误解,作者决定亲自去找经销人纠正错误,但结果是经销人不断没有改正,反而干脆把别人的名字写在他的报纸上了。
26.答案d
【参考译文】作者的语气是怎样的?
【分析】考查正确理解文章整体的能力。
【详细解答】作者面临的newsagent,who is a surly,militant,independent devill,a monopolist of the worst kind.每次都写错他的名字,并且最后一次还将别人的名字写在他的报纸上,所以作者语气只能是既尴尬又无奈。“surly”为“sullenly ill-humored;gruff.”暴躁的。
27.答案c
【参考译文】最后我的报纸的右上角写上了“托姆”这个字,下面还划了一道粗体字,原因是什么呢?
【分析】考查正确判断因果的能力。
【详细解答】报刊经销人is never at his best unshaven,in slippers and braces,and smoking on an empty stomach,and there would be some unpleasantness。
28.答案a
【参考译文】下列哪一句说法不符合原文?
【
试题分析】考查区别事实真伪的能力。
【详细解答】事实上这个作者从没有对报刊经销人做过什么不好的事情,他只是比较polite,不合适对付这么一个rude person,但是he could not bear it and told the agent but failed at last。
text f
短文大意
本文讲述久拖未决的麦当劳快餐连锁店控告两名抗议者的诽谤案审理至今肖无定论。伦敦高等法院在1997年判决34岁的海伦·斯蒂尔和44岁的戴夫·莫里斯有罪,这两名环保运动者散发的传单中含有对麦当劳公司及其出售的快餐和配餐的无根据指控。审判持续了三年的时间,揭露了许多事实,有关麦当劳连锁店的员工如何配制、操作和供餐,以及这家美国人拥有的连锁店如何对待员工。伦敦高等法院判决两名身无分文的环保运动者向麦当劳支付6万英镑(约合人民币78万元)的损害赔偿金。
然而,1999年,伦敦的三位上诉法院法官判决把1997年法院判两名被告犯有对麦当劳的诽谤罪而要求他们支付的损害赔偿金减少到了四万英镑(约合人民币52万元)。
29.答案c
【参考译文】麦当劳控告两名环保宣传者什么罪?
【分析】考查能否理解两者之间的关键。
【详细解答】“libel”为“a written,printed,or pictorial statement that maliciously damages a person's reputation”诽谤。
30.答案b
【参考译文】两名被告结果如何呢?
【分析】考查理解全文的能力。
【详细解答】文章的中心为:a long-running libel trial in which the mcdonald's fast food chain sued two protesters is not over yet.the first trial took three years,the appeal another three months to prepare and hear,and there are still claims to be settled。
text g
短文大意
本文选自约翰·卡林的“如果保持健康就应果断行动”,讲述拖延的不利之处。
如果你想戒烟而仍未戒,想跑步而仍未跑,想调整饭食而仍未实施,今年元旦作出的决定总的来说至今未动,那么你就会出现许多麻烦,比你想象的还多。
看来拖延不决含义深远,不仅仅是无所事事、放任自流。拖延不决是一种精神上的疾病。最近几年进行的研究忽然爆出这样的新闻:拖延不决非常接近于抑郁症及注意力不集中的毛病;遇事拖延不决的人很容易因自尊心不足而感到困扰,易患令人麻木的焦虑和无缘无故的憎恨,这些情况均属不正常。
31.答案b
【参考译文】文章的中心思想是什么?
【分析】考查通过浏览了解大意的能力。
【详细解答】本文的中心即:new research in the united states suggests that procrastination is a disease. “procrastinate”为“to put off doing sth,esp.out of habitual carelessness or laziness” 拖延,耽搁;所以不难理解:don't delay if you want to stay healthy。
text h短文大意
本文选自《小泉八云生平及信件》,重点谈论的正是应用科学的重要性,写信的对象是大谷熊本。小泉八云在写给大谷的信中,讲述了语言学与应用科学的利弊,其中特别强调了应用科学对他后半生的实际用处,在说服的过程中,小泉八云还向大谷指出应用在日本的发展前景,希望大谷能够慎重考虑自己今后的事业以及正在面临的选择。
32.答案d
【参考译文】这封信的总的语气是什么?
【分析】考查综合分析的能力。
【详细解答】全文的中心为:what you are going to learn should have been of real use to you and applied science would be of immense value to you.“persuasive”为“of or relating to induce to undertake a course of action or embrace a point of view by means of argument,reasoning or entreaty.”说明性的。
text i短文大意(略)
33.答案b
【参考译文】这篇索引可能选自一本关于什么的书?
【分析】考查是否能透过细节看到本质的能力。
【详细解答】a、c、d都以m开头,但仔细看来只有medicine 比较可能。但此索引列举更多的是与psychology有关,于是psychological cure才是这本书的真正内容,选择b较合适。
text j短文大意
本文选自《世界知识介绍》,反映世界野生虎面临灭绝的事实。
世界野生动物基金会周四说,除非有关政府采取重大措施予以保护,否则在今年前老虎可能逐渐灭绝。
该动物保护组织说,老虎的数量在过去一个世纪里减少了95%,并且在野生状态下仅存5000至72000只——而在本世纪初,其数量为现在的近10倍。
34.答案d
【参考译文】以下哪一条不是导致虎的数量减少的原因?
【分析】考查搜寻非事实的能力。
【详细解答】文章中有:the group cities illegal hunting for the medicinal trade,loss of prey species,weak law enforcement,poaching habitat loss and a shrinkng gene pool as the other major threats facing the world's tiger population.“poach”为“to take fish or game illegally”非法捕捉。
text k
短文大意(略)
35.答案c
【参考译文】浏览全篇后,你能知道它是关于什么的文字?
【分析】考查分析推理的能力。
【详细解答】stanley park,the vancouver art gallery,macmillan planetarium,etc,chinatown,gastown...are beauty spots,or places of interest where you can go sighting or rela or purchase观光地,游览胜地。
36.答案b
【参考译文】“planetarium”是什么意思?
【分析】考查类推以及分析的能力。
【详细解答】从“shows feature the nature of the universe”中来看答案,知道是the study of the universe,所以b比较合适,“planetarium”为“天文馆,天象馆,天象仪。”
text l短文大意(略)
37.答案b
【参考译文】如果你打字速度快又会速记,同时又想成为一名律师,那么你会与广告栏中那一则广告联系。
【分析】考查进行扫描获取的能力。
【详细解答】这些广告中的第11则:secretary legal trainee正好满足题目的要求。
38.答案a
【参考译文】如果你擅长计算机工作,而且你想有机会认识演员,那你会联系哪一则广告呢?
【分析】同上
【详细解答】第5则中为:burbank entertainment co. seeks computer operators.“entertainment”为“sth amusing or diverting,associeted with movies,plays,etc.”娱乐。
text m
短文大意(略)
39.答案c
【参考译文】“smear test”又称作什么?
【分析】考查迅速找寻答案的能力。
【详细解答】smear是关键词,可看到pas smear。
40.答案c
【参考译文】这本字典可能的名称是什么?
【分析】考查综合分析的能力。
【详细解答】b、d可迅速排除,字条里面有什么关于风俗习惯的内容。
part Ⅳ translation
section a
【参考译文】creepers are always ambitiously trying to crawl over every inch of the wall.one of the numerous curling vines had almost crept onto the steep roof of the house when a sudden gust of wind blew it off in midair.
liu chuan happened to catch sight of the scene on the opposite wall through the window,and he couldn't help smiling.in his eyes the vine was transformed into the image of xiao mei.
“you are a creeper while i am a wall,”he had once said to her.at his remark,she pursed her lips and went away.
“i won't imtate the hero in the film and run after her,”he thought.
they used to quarrel quite often just as other young lovers did.but in the end it is always she who would first come to him for reconciliation within a week or so.he had been quite confident that this argument would end similarly.
【详细解答】有时汉语作品中句子和段落的安排不够合理,如果完全按照原文翻译;会使读者感到译文逻辑很混乱,晦涩难懂,遇到这种情况,应根据作品的中心思想,发展线索及语篇内部照应的原则,加强逻辑联系,重新安排译文,使之前后呼应,丝丝入扣,“creeper”为“plants that spread by means of stems that move with the body close to the ground.”第2句话应该用合译法,显得紧凑,也符合习惯,下面的翻译运用了词序调整法,并且按照逻辑联系进行了句与句的调整,最后一句中运用了增译法,例如“reconciliation”and“quite confident that this argument would end similarily.”
text b
【参考译文】你发现,即使最简单的与工作有关的任务:一封措词巧妙的信件,一个得当的电话,——甚至一份整理得简明扼要的卷宗,都会使你得到很大的自我满足,只对自己有用是不够的。
几乎人人都听说过关于应该成为社会有用一员时的那种孤独与寂寞,在你的生活中,周围几乎总是有人,在班级里,在宿舍内,以及在工作岗位上,当你突然发现自己整天只能对猫谈话时,你的现实感发生了扭曲。你开始担心,整日的胡思乱想会使你陷入不能自拔的境地。
然而,你过去始终没有,如今仍旧没有脆弱到这种地步,你能保持镇定并能正视它,主要靠的是经常自嘲与玩世不恭的态度,虽然,现在同以前比起来,生活中任何一方面出了差错,你似乎都极易被推进一时的绝境之中,但是,没有一些非常主要的东西可以依赖——关心你的人,你的幽默感,你的才能,你的猫,以及你的希望。
【详细解答】第一句可运用词序调整法,其“a clean file”可运用意译“简明扼要”,“what you didn't know about was the loneliness”可运用增译法,如果你能成为社会有用一员时的那种孤独寂寞,比较能够表明loneliness的真实含义。“you begin to worry that flights of fancy might become one wary”,也可采用意译“陷入难以自拔的境地”,下一句中可运用正说反译,反说正译法。“but you always were,and still are,stronger,than that.”为“你过去始终没有,如今仍旧没有脆弱到这种地步”,最后一句话“although....,you...”可分译成两句话,比较符合中文表达的习惯。
part Ⅴ writing
【写作指导】针对安乐死的这个题目,考生不能掉以轻心,安乐死是人们广泛谈论的内容,其针锋相对的观点层出不穷,所以阐明自己的立场,用大量的事实或依据来说服对方是很关键的。
在第一段中,仍是仔细分析自己所持的观点,态度要鲜明,不能左右不定,并要充分把握自己对这个题目、论点的准确性,才能避免走题,观点含糊,语言表达晦涩的常见毛病。
在第二段中,要根据写作的一般要求,用足够的事实、数据等证明自己的观点,无论是支持,还是反对,考生都要以理服人,仔细分析自己的每一个论据,从而避免空洞无物和论据不足。
在第三段中,语气要在前二段的基础上更加坚定且自认,全局把握在一个论点之中,考生可以换一种说法来表达小结该文的论点,但要注意词语的使用,以免观点不一致。
【sample writing】
mercy killing should be advocated in china
mercy killing,or euthanasia,is the way to end a patient's life at the time when he or she is incurable.heated discussion about the feasibility the performance of euthanasia from the very beginning of its presence.and several lawsuits against doctors who had used euthanasia in western countries had hit the headlines in the press and aroused greater concern than before among peoples.should it be advocated in china?as far as i am concerned,i prefer its usage in china.
those who disapprove of the mercy killing think that it violates human right since human's life is provided by god.people have no right to end it unless it ends itself naturally.they say life is precious.however,recent polls have shown that 47 percent of the patients are willing to try mercy killing when they have no hope to recover.this figure is surprisingly high.it indicates people have gradually accept euthanasia.many people feel that the odds against mercy killing are at most 100 to 1.obviously this is not the case.
mercy killing is a good choice to reduce the suffering of the patients as well as the family members.it has been supported by more and more people.supposing a dying patient who suffered from liver cancer,can not eat,move,even talk because of the pain.in order to sustain his life,his family member should pay the high expenses on the injections,medicines,and medical faculties,etc.this is really a heavy burden to his family as well as to the hospital. euthanasia not only help the patients get rid of the misery but also do good to his family.i do think mercy killing should be used in chin
a.
section a
1.答案a
【解题思路】了解讲话者正在讲的内容。
【详细解答】文中提到“caution”,“discernment”,“how to distinguish the right from the wrong”,但都是作为解释“prudence”的铺垫,“prudence”为“wisdom to deal with practical matters.”
2.答案d
【解题思路】弄清圣托马斯·阿奎那斯对“审慎”的比喻。
【详细解答】this talk中有:st’ thomas aquinas referred to prudence as the “rudder virtue”,the one that “steers” the others.without it,we are like someone adrift in a boat,tossed in this direetion or that by the wind,the waves,and the current.this,the “prudent” person is one who never “rocks the boat” and is...“rudder”为“steering device on a ship or vehicle,”驾驶;“rock the boat”为“do harm”破坏。
3.答案b
【解题思路】弄清文中所指的“discernment”的近义词
【详细解答】“discernment”为“the ability to detect or perceive with the eyes or intellect.”明辨,分辨。讲话者特别指出:the word that actually comes cloest to functioning as a synonym for prudence is “discernment.”
4.答案c
【解题思路】弄清一个审慎的人的最主要的特点。
【详细解答】讲话者认为:the prudent person fully examines a situation and seeks advice from others.reaching out to others for counsel before acting is one of the classic marks of a prudent person.其中“counsel”为“the act of exchanging opinions and ideas;consultation;advice.”询求。
5.答案b
【解题思路】根据全文的意思来推测这个词组的含义。
【详细解答】size up出现在“the prudent person is one who size up a situation and decide,or discern,what is the wiest and most moral counse of action to take”——审慎的人会审时度势,能确定或看出什么是应该采取的最明智和最合乎道德的行为。
section b
6.答案c
【解题思路】弄清格林先生去年燃料费用高的原因以及使用者的情况。
【详细解答】mr.green说“my mother-in-law was staying with us and she wanted the temperature around 80° all the time.”“mother-in-law”为“the mother of one’s spouse”岳母。
7.答案a
【解题思路】弄清在冬天使人暖气舒服的温度。
【详细解答】这篇conversation中的度数为华氏度-degree fahrenheit:of or according to a temperature scale that registers the freezing point of water as 32 and the boiling point as 212 at one atmosphere of pressure.
8.答案c
【解题思路】弄清最普遍的取暖方式。
【详细解答】conversation中有“a heat chamber heats air,which passes throughs ducts and openings into the rooms by blowers or by convection.”“blowers”为“the devices to give release a blast of air or wind”鼓风机,“convection”为“heat transfer in a gasor liquid by the circulation of currents from one region to another.转换。”
9.答案c
【解题思路】弄清小型个体空调的缺点。
【详细解答】conversation中有:however,in homes which are not constructed for the central system,small individual air conditioners are installed at several windows.this is probably easiest way,but the temperature of the room is quite uneven.其中“uneven”为“not equal,as in size,length,or quality.”不均衡。
10.答案d
【解题思路】弄清在暖气下进行蒸气密封的作用。
【详细解答】“vapor”为“gaseous form into which certain liquid or solid substance can be converted by heating.”“seal”为“an air-tight closure.”密封。 section c
news item Ⅰ
11.答案a
【解题思路】掌握消息中发生的事件。
【详细解答】新闻的结构是:事件+细节+结果。在听第一段时就可以知道what's happening.“the first prototype of an sircraft intended to revolutionize travel and shatter speed records was destroyed during its maiden fight on saturday after a booster rocket carrying it a loft veered out of control and tumbled from the sky.”其中“shatter”为“to break or burst suddenly into pieces,as with a violent blow”;“maiden”为“earliest,first”主要的;“veer”为“to turn aside from a course,direction,or purpose”转变;“tumble”为“fall or roll end over end”颠倒。
12.答案b
【解题思路】了解x-43a模型飞机的真正使命。
【详细解答】“prototype”的proto为prefix,意思为“earliest;original”原型的,即:first or original example of sth that ha
s been or will be copied or developed;model or preliminary version。
news item Ⅰ
13.答案b
【解题思路】了解印度尼西亚总统要解雇的对象。
【详细解答】第一段中提到embattled indonesian president warned yesterday that he would move against those who ignore him,after police and lawmakers disregarded his decision to fire the national chief。
14.答案d
【解题思路】弄清高层立法者对wahid的控告内容。
【详细解答】这个题目考查在众多杂乱的细节找寻答案的能力,消息中有:he late met with senior legislators who accused wahid of violating the constitution by firing the chief without consulting parliament.
15.答案a
【解题思路】掌握wahid宣布解雇国家警察的时间。
【详细解答】消息中:the president,facing impeachment over allegations of corruption and incompetence,which he denies,fired bimantoro and several cabinet ministers on friday and....其中“impeachment”为“the activity of changing a public official with improper conduct in office before a proper tribunal.”
section d
1.答案disciplines
【解题思路】掌握“学科”的说法。
【详细解答】“disciplines”为“a branch of knowledge or teaching,subjects”。
2.答案historical
【解题思路】掌握“与目前对比”的说法。
【详细解答】“dispel”为“to rid of by or as if by scattering”historical and “historic” are differentiated in usage,though their senses overlap. “historic” refers to what is important in history.“historical” refers to whatever existed in the past,whether regarded as important or not a historical character(人物)。
3.答案phonetics
【解题思路】掌握“语音学”的说法。。
【详细解答】“phonetics”为“the branch of linguistics that deals with the study of the sounds of speech”。
4.答案patterns
【解题思路】掌握“模式”的说法。
【详细解答】“patterns”为“ways in which sth happens,moves,develops or is arranged”。
5.答案grammatical
【解题思路】掌握“语法的”的说法。
【详细解答】“grammatical”为“of the rules about the knowledge of reflections,syntax and word-formation of the languages”。
6.答案society
【解题思路】掌握“社会”的说法。
【详细解答】“society”为“human beings collectively”。
7.答案biological
【解题思路】掌握“学的”说法。
【详细解答】“biological”为“of or relating to the science of life and of living organisms”。
8.答案mechanisms
【解题思路】掌握“机制”的说法。
【详细解答】“mechanisms”为“systems of past that operate or interact like those of a machine”。
9.答案sign
【解题思路】掌握“手语”的说法。
【详细解答】“sign”为“an act or gesture used to convey an idea”。
10.答案universals
【解题思路】掌握“普遍规律”的说法。
【详细解答】“universals”为“general or common rules”。
part Ⅱ proof-reading & error-correctiing;
【短文大意】
史蒂夫和耶塞最初是在美国一所大学上课时认识的。耶塞是来自约旦的留。他很高兴能够结识一个美国人,他想要更多地了解美国文化,希望和史蒂夫成为好朋友。
有些文化中,友谊意味着两个人之间的一种牢固的终身关系。在这些文化中,友谊发展很慢,因为他们的友谊是为了持久而培养起来的。美国社会是一个急速变化的社会。有研究表明,美国家庭中,每年有1/5的家庭要搬家。美国人的友谊来得快,可能去得也快。
11.答案:always ∧ yaser:greetedhe always yaser warmly before class中没有谓语。“greet”为“to welcome or salute in a friendly and respectful way”问侯。
12.答案:ever:even.“ever”为“at any time”;“even”为“to a greater degree”文中有“steve greeted yaser and offered to study with yaser,and then invited yaser to eat with him.”表示程度,故用“even”。
13.答案:near:distant.“but”在文中表示转折,不应是递进关系,所以more near不对,并且more不可能修饰单音节词,“distant”为“separate,or apart in space or time,far apart in relationship”远的。
14.答案:uninterested:interested.结合上下文。“steve didn't seem uninterested in talking to him”与“but...”出现的变化不相符,故有错误。
15.答案:change ∧ attitude:of“yaser was hurt by steve's change attitude”中的“change”是动词还是名词,不清楚,中间加上“of”,表明态度的转变。
16.答案:of/:to be deleted.“complain”上加上of,后应该有对象。
17.答案:outside:outsider.“he is an outside to american culture”中的“outside”多数作为adj.或adv.用an在前,应该为n.“outsider”为“one who is not part of a group or community.”
18.答案:friendships ∧ based:are.“be based on”是一个词组,或者是based sth on。
19.答案:friendship ∧ fade:will.
20.答案: “american friendships develop quickly,and they may change just as quickly” 为“美国人的友谊来得快,去得也快”,表示as quickly as they develop。
part Ⅲ reading comprehension
text a短文大意
本文选自里克·奥拉姆的“工人们期望每两年换一份新工作”
西方各大公司的管理部门过去向长期雇员赠送金表,以此感谢他们的忠诚服务。与培训赞助会说,这样的日子已经成为往昔的记忆。在雇员走向多种不同工作的新时代中,劳务市场的新成员可望每两年换一份工作,每十年换一个行当。
与过去的传统相反,西方的雇主开始物色那些自觉的学习者作为新雇员,这些人能在正规的中学和大学毕业后继续接受。与此同时,各商业机构正在创造条件使工人在岗位上自学成才。这样所有的工人在事业上的技能和创新力不断地得到进步和增强。当然,按照商业理论的说法,工人的劳动生产率将会提高,随之而来公司的利润也会增加。看来这是一种不可逆转的发展趋势。
16.答案c
【参考译文】以下的陈述哪一句不符合原文?
【分析】考查分析非事实的能力。
【详细解答】这篇文章讲的正是:workers in the west often stayed with a company all their lives.now it seems a new trend is here,and settling down with a company for life
is no longer an option for the western workers.这是一种变化,而不是一直存在的事实,故c错误。
17.答案a
【参考译文】在整个西方商界劳动大军的构成以及发展的新的变化是什么?
【分析】考查综合的能力。
【详细解答】在第2段中有“...layers of middle management are being removed,leaving more workers responsible for their own development.所以劳动者的自我调节、学习、培养,适应的能力是发展的新情况。
text b短文大意
本文选自威尔逊与德拉·卡瓦的“举世依然缅怀‘人民的王妃’”
戴安娜王妃逝世一年了,她似乎还活在人间。跟埃尔维斯一样看来她注定要长生不老了。该怎样看待戴安娜尚待定论:她究竟是圣人还是罪人?是救世主还是令人讨厌的人?是人民的王妃,还是给王室惹麻烦的人?作者分别列举几种人对待戴安娜的态度,同时说明定论还尚早。
18.答案d
【参考译文】根据文章的意思关于如何认识diana这个问题作者自己的态度是什么?
【分析】考查综合分析全文把握作者态度的能力。
【详细解答】文章中作者列举三种情况:she has been considered as a savior,a cinderella and people respeet her;she has been treated with indifference,nothing more than a shrug by some;some people are caught is the maddle,not canonizing her,not criticizing her either.在title中的“crave”为“to want intensely”,而people's pricess这种说法被quoted。故选择d是正确的。it's to be determined有待决定。
19.答案a
【参考译文】作者的语气是怎样的?
【分析】考查进一步分析综合问题的能力。
【详细解答】作者引经据典了很多celebrities的看法,应该说是比较objective但注意作者的choice of words,“thank you very much”:nothing more than a shurg”等,作者的态度是诙谐的,尤其是最后一段“it is a comedy”。
text c短文大意
本文介绍了詹姆斯·米切纳,选自康斯坦斯·凯西的“快乐的慈善家”。
在他漫长的写作生涯中,詹姆斯·米切纳一直在追求一个目标:从他43部小说稿酬中至少拿出90%用于捐赠。他实际做到的似乎比这些还要多。到1997年10月他去世时,他的资产估价不足1000万美元,然而他的捐款却多达1.17亿美元。
米切纳堪是其他慈善家的典范,这不仅体现于他捐赠的数目,更体现于他捐赠的方式。这位作家致力于行善,并对所捐款项加以落实,以弄清钱的去向。他为自己热心的事业慷慨解囊,并从中获乐良多。
20.答案a
【参考译文】根据课文推出正确的陈述。
【分析】考查区别事实与非事实的能力。
【详细解答】文中表明:james michener will be remembered as an industrious and successful writer.but he was also an industrious and successful philarthropist.“philanthropist”为“a person enjoying a charitable activity or institution”。
21.答案b
【参考译文】詹姆斯·米切纳生于哪一年?
【分析】考查快速掌握事实进行推算的能力。
【详细解答】文中有“michener was 90 when he died.”“... at his death,in october 1997,his assets...”故不难推出他的出生年月。
22.答案b
【参考译文】领会全文意见之后詹姆斯·米切纳又可被称为什么?
【分析】考查综合全文抓住中心的能力。
【详细解答】他是一个快乐的人,给予钱财于他人让他感到快乐。
text d短文大意
本文选自约翰·卡林的文章“一场新的工作方式的革命”美国的职员不用去理睬老板,他们在自己家就能过上很好的日子,一场不声响的革命正在席卷着美国越来越多的人在传统的法人机构之外工作。
23.答案b
【参考译文】丹·平克在采访中会怎样陈述自己的观点?
【分析】考查理解文中人物性格的能力。
【详细解答】dan pink chose 1997's independence day,the fourth of july,to forsake the power and glory of the white house for the freedom and self-sufficiency of “the pink house”所以不难看出他作为一个自由职业者的决心与勇气。
24.答案d
【参考译文】根据课文旧式的工作模式会是怎样的。
【分析】考查的逻辑推理能力。
【详细解答】本文的中心正是:workers in the us are turning their backs on the bosses and making a good living in their own houses.
25.答案d
【参考译文】根据托利·鲁耐尔的结论,我们可以看出工业革命后人们生活上最大的变化,这因为……
【分析】本题考查综合分析能力。
【详细解答】把握全文主旨,便可得出答案。
text e短文大意
本文选自伯纳德·霍洛伍德的小说“每天早晨七点钟”。
作者讲述了发生在自己身上一件极为尴尬的事情,就是每次清晨去拿报纸的时候,发现报刊经销人将自己的名字拼错了,为了消除同事以及路人对他的误解,作者决定亲自去找经销人纠正错误,但结果是经销人不断没有改正,反而干脆把别人的名字写在他的报纸上了。
26.答案d
【参考译文】作者的语气是怎样的?
【分析】考查正确理解文章整体的能力。
【详细解答】作者面临的newsagent,who is a surly,militant,independent devill,a monopolist of the worst kind.每次都写错他的名字,并且最后一次还将别人的名字写在他的报纸上,所以作者语气只能是既尴尬又无奈。“surly”为“sullenly ill-humored;gruff.”暴躁的。
27.答案c
【参考译文】最后我的报纸的右上角写上了“托姆”这个字,下面还划了一道粗体字,原因是什么呢?
【分析】考查正确判断因果的能力。
【详细解答】报刊经销人is never at his best unshaven,in slippers and braces,and smoking on an empty stomach,and there would be some unpleasantness。
28.答案a
【参考译文】下列哪一句说法不符合原文?
【
试题分析】考查区别事实真伪的能力。
【详细解答】事实上这个作者从没有对报刊经销人做过什么不好的事情,他只是比较polite,不合适对付这么一个rude person,但是he could not bear it and told the agent but failed at last。
text f
短文大意
本文讲述久拖未决的麦当劳快餐连锁店控告两名抗议者的诽谤案审理至今肖无定论。伦敦高等法院在1997年判决34岁的海伦·斯蒂尔和44岁的戴夫·莫里斯有罪,这两名环保运动者散发的传单中含有对麦当劳公司及其出售的快餐和配餐的无根据指控。审判持续了三年的时间,揭露了许多事实,有关麦当劳连锁店的员工如何配制、操作和供餐,以及这家美国人拥有的连锁店如何对待员工。伦敦高等法院判决两名身无分文的环保运动者向麦当劳支付6万英镑(约合人民币78万元)的损害赔偿金。
然而,1999年,伦敦的三位上诉法院法官判决把1997年法院判两名被告犯有对麦当劳的诽谤罪而要求他们支付的损害赔偿金减少到了四万英镑(约合人民币52万元)。
29.答案c
【参考译文】麦当劳控告两名环保宣传者什么罪?
【分析】考查能否理解两者之间的关键。
【详细解答】“libel”为“a written,printed,or pictorial statement that maliciously damages a person's reputation”诽谤。
30.答案b
【参考译文】两名被告结果如何呢?
【分析】考查理解全文的能力。
【详细解答】文章的中心为:a long-running libel trial in which the mcdonald's fast food chain sued two protesters is not over yet.the first trial took three years,the appeal another three months to prepare and hear,and there are still claims to be settled。
text g
短文大意
本文选自约翰·卡林的“如果保持健康就应果断行动”,讲述拖延的不利之处。
如果你想戒烟而仍未戒,想跑步而仍未跑,想调整饭食而仍未实施,今年元旦作出的决定总的来说至今未动,那么你就会出现许多麻烦,比你想象的还多。
看来拖延不决含义深远,不仅仅是无所事事、放任自流。拖延不决是一种精神上的疾病。最近几年进行的研究忽然爆出这样的新闻:拖延不决非常接近于抑郁症及注意力不集中的毛病;遇事拖延不决的人很容易因自尊心不足而感到困扰,易患令人麻木的焦虑和无缘无故的憎恨,这些情况均属不正常。
31.答案b
【参考译文】文章的中心思想是什么?
【分析】考查通过浏览了解大意的能力。
【详细解答】本文的中心即:new research in the united states suggests that procrastination is a disease. “procrastinate”为“to put off doing sth,esp.out of habitual carelessness or laziness” 拖延,耽搁;所以不难理解:don't delay if you want to stay healthy。
text h短文大意
本文选自《小泉八云生平及信件》,重点谈论的正是应用科学的重要性,写信的对象是大谷熊本。小泉八云在写给大谷的信中,讲述了语言学与应用科学的利弊,其中特别强调了应用科学对他后半生的实际用处,在说服的过程中,小泉八云还向大谷指出应用在日本的发展前景,希望大谷能够慎重考虑自己今后的事业以及正在面临的选择。
32.答案d
【参考译文】这封信的总的语气是什么?
【分析】考查综合分析的能力。
【详细解答】全文的中心为:what you are going to learn should have been of real use to you and applied science would be of immense value to you.“persuasive”为“of or relating to induce to undertake a course of action or embrace a point of view by means of argument,reasoning or entreaty.”说明性的。
text i短文大意(略)
33.答案b
【参考译文】这篇索引可能选自一本关于什么的书?
【分析】考查是否能透过细节看到本质的能力。
【详细解答】a、c、d都以m开头,但仔细看来只有medicine 比较可能。但此索引列举更多的是与psychology有关,于是psychological cure才是这本书的真正内容,选择b较合适。
text j短文大意
本文选自《世界知识介绍》,反映世界野生虎面临灭绝的事实。
世界野生动物基金会周四说,除非有关政府采取重大措施予以保护,否则在今年前老虎可能逐渐灭绝。
该动物保护组织说,老虎的数量在过去一个世纪里减少了95%,并且在野生状态下仅存5000至72000只——而在本世纪初,其数量为现在的近10倍。
34.答案d
【参考译文】以下哪一条不是导致虎的数量减少的原因?
【分析】考查搜寻非事实的能力。
【详细解答】文章中有:the group cities illegal hunting for the medicinal trade,loss of prey species,weak law enforcement,poaching habitat loss and a shrinkng gene pool as the other major threats facing the world's tiger population.“poach”为“to take fish or game illegally”非法捕捉。
text k
短文大意(略)
35.答案c
【参考译文】浏览全篇后,你能知道它是关于什么的文字?
【分析】考查分析推理的能力。
【详细解答】stanley park,the vancouver art gallery,macmillan planetarium,etc,chinatown,gastown...are beauty spots,or places of interest where you can go sighting or rela or purchase观光地,游览胜地。
36.答案b
【参考译文】“planetarium”是什么意思?
【分析】考查类推以及分析的能力。
【详细解答】从“shows feature the nature of the universe”中来看答案,知道是the study of the universe,所以b比较合适,“planetarium”为“天文馆,天象馆,天象仪。”
text l短文大意(略)
37.答案b
【参考译文】如果你打字速度快又会速记,同时又想成为一名律师,那么你会与广告栏中那一则广告联系。
【分析】考查进行扫描获取的能力。
【详细解答】这些广告中的第11则:secretary legal trainee正好满足题目的要求。
38.答案a
【参考译文】如果你擅长计算机工作,而且你想有机会认识演员,那你会联系哪一则广告呢?
【分析】同上
【详细解答】第5则中为:burbank entertainment co. seeks computer operators.“entertainment”为“sth amusing or diverting,associeted with movies,plays,etc.”娱乐。
text m
短文大意(略)
39.答案c
【参考译文】“smear test”又称作什么?
【分析】考查迅速找寻答案的能力。
【详细解答】smear是关键词,可看到pas smear。
40.答案c
【参考译文】这本字典可能的名称是什么?
【分析】考查综合分析的能力。
【详细解答】b、d可迅速排除,字条里面有什么关于风俗习惯的内容。
part Ⅳ translation
section a
【参考译文】creepers are always ambitiously trying to crawl over every inch of the wall.one of the numerous curling vines had almost crept onto the steep roof of the house when a sudden gust of wind blew it off in midair.
liu chuan happened to catch sight of the scene on the opposite wall through the window,and he couldn't help smiling.in his eyes the vine was transformed into the image of xiao mei.
“you are a creeper while i am a wall,”he had once said to her.at his remark,she pursed her lips and went away.
“i won't imtate the hero in the film and run after her,”he thought.
they used to quarrel quite often just as other young lovers did.but in the end it is always she who would first come to him for reconciliation within a week or so.he had been quite confident that this argument would end similarly.
【详细解答】有时汉语作品中句子和段落的安排不够合理,如果完全按照原文翻译;会使读者感到译文逻辑很混乱,晦涩难懂,遇到这种情况,应根据作品的中心思想,发展线索及语篇内部照应的原则,加强逻辑联系,重新安排译文,使之前后呼应,丝丝入扣,“creeper”为“plants that spread by means of stems that move with the body close to the ground.”第2句话应该用合译法,显得紧凑,也符合习惯,下面的翻译运用了词序调整法,并且按照逻辑联系进行了句与句的调整,最后一句中运用了增译法,例如“reconciliation”and“quite confident that this argument would end similarily.”
text b
【参考译文】你发现,即使最简单的与工作有关的任务:一封措词巧妙的信件,一个得当的电话,——甚至一份整理得简明扼要的卷宗,都会使你得到很大的自我满足,只对自己有用是不够的。
几乎人人都听说过关于应该成为社会有用一员时的那种孤独与寂寞,在你的生活中,周围几乎总是有人,在班级里,在宿舍内,以及在工作岗位上,当你突然发现自己整天只能对猫谈话时,你的现实感发生了扭曲。你开始担心,整日的胡思乱想会使你陷入不能自拔的境地。
然而,你过去始终没有,如今仍旧没有脆弱到这种地步,你能保持镇定并能正视它,主要靠的是经常自嘲与玩世不恭的态度,虽然,现在同以前比起来,生活中任何一方面出了差错,你似乎都极易被推进一时的绝境之中,但是,没有一些非常主要的东西可以依赖——关心你的人,你的幽默感,你的才能,你的猫,以及你的希望。
【详细解答】第一句可运用词序调整法,其“a clean file”可运用意译“简明扼要”,“what you didn't know about was the loneliness”可运用增译法,如果你能成为社会有用一员时的那种孤独寂寞,比较能够表明loneliness的真实含义。“you begin to worry that flights of fancy might become one wary”,也可采用意译“陷入难以自拔的境地”,下一句中可运用正说反译,反说正译法。“but you always were,and still are,stronger,than that.”为“你过去始终没有,如今仍旧没有脆弱到这种地步”,最后一句话“although....,you...”可分译成两句话,比较符合中文表达的习惯。
part Ⅴ writing
【写作指导】针对安乐死的这个题目,考生不能掉以轻心,安乐死是人们广泛谈论的内容,其针锋相对的观点层出不穷,所以阐明自己的立场,用大量的事实或依据来说服对方是很关键的。
在第一段中,仍是仔细分析自己所持的观点,态度要鲜明,不能左右不定,并要充分把握自己对这个题目、论点的准确性,才能避免走题,观点含糊,语言表达晦涩的常见毛病。
在第二段中,要根据写作的一般要求,用足够的事实、数据等证明自己的观点,无论是支持,还是反对,考生都要以理服人,仔细分析自己的每一个论据,从而避免空洞无物和论据不足。
在第三段中,语气要在前二段的基础上更加坚定且自认,全局把握在一个论点之中,考生可以换一种说法来表达小结该文的论点,但要注意词语的使用,以免观点不一致。
【sample writing】
mercy killing should be advocated in china
mercy killing,or euthanasia,is the way to end a patient's life at the time when he or she is incurable.heated discussion about the feasibility the performance of euthanasia from the very beginning of its presence.and several lawsuits against doctors who had used euthanasia in western countries had hit the headlines in the press and aroused greater concern than before among peoples.should it be advocated in china?as far as i am concerned,i prefer its usage in china.
those who disapprove of the mercy killing think that it violates human right since human's life is provided by god.people have no right to end it unless it ends itself naturally.they say life is precious.however,recent polls have shown that 47 percent of the patients are willing to try mercy killing when they have no hope to recover.this figure is surprisingly high.it indicates people have gradually accept euthanasia.many people feel that the odds against mercy killing are at most 100 to 1.obviously this is not the case.
mercy killing is a good choice to reduce the suffering of the patients as well as the family members.it has been supported by more and more people.supposing a dying patient who suffered from liver cancer,can not eat,move,even talk because of the pain.in order to sustain his life,his family member should pay the high expenses on the injections,medicines,and medical faculties,etc.this is really a heavy burden to his family as well as to the hospital. euthanasia not only help the patients get rid of the misery but also do good to his family.i do think mercy killing should be used in chin
a.