历届高考词序考点简析_高考英语
词序是中常考的内容，同时也是中学教材的重点和难点。为便于们复习，下面我们把中 所出现的各种词序题归类简析如下：
一、短语动词中宾语的位置
（79met）. if you don't know the word, why don't you ______in the dictionary.
（a）look at it （b）look after it （c）look up it （d）look it up
析：答案为d。其意指"查（字典等）"，a意为"看"，b 意为"照顾"均不符题意，故排除。由动词加 副词构成的短语，其宾语是名词时，宾语可放在整个短语后面，也可插在动词与副词之间，但宾语是代词时， 代词宾语只能插在动词与副词之间。
选练：（画线项为答案，下同）
（83met）.if you are at home this evening, i'll________.
（a）ring you on （b）ring upon you （c）ring to you （d）ring you up
（78met）.i need a day or two________
（a）to think it over b）to think over it c）of thinking
二、虚拟语气省略if时的词序
（95上海）.______ for the free tickets, i would not have gone to the films so often.
（a）if it is not （b）were it not （c）had it not been （d）if they were not
析：答案为c。这是一个与过去相反的虚拟条件从句的省略形式，当从句中的if省略时，从句要用倒装句。 这类倒装句只需将助动词、情态动词或系动词提至主语前即可。常见句式更换如下：
a.与现在相反：if i were you (=were i you) , i would go with him.
b.与过去相反：if i had had time then (=had i had time then), i would have gone with you.
c.与将来相反：if i were to visit/should visit/visited the great wall tomorrow, (=were i to /should i visit the great wall tomorrow), i would take my son with me.
注意：在否定句中not不可提至主语前，如：
（误）weren't i here now, i would be in the bus.
（正）were i not here now, i would be in the bus.
选练：（94上海）.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the yangpu bridge.
（a）were （b）should （c）would （d）will
_______ your letter, i would have written back two days ago.
（a）if i received （b）should i receive （c）had i received （d）if i could have received
三、否定词放在句首时的词序
（91met）"do you know jim quarrelled with his brother?" "i don't know,_____
（a）nor don't i care （b）nor do i care （c）i don't care neither （d）i don't care also
析：答案为b。a项多了not，c项、d项分别要改neither、 also 为either。否定词作状语放在句首时要用 倒装句，倒装句只需将情态动词、助动词、系动词be提至主语首即可（见例2）。 实意动词的倒装要在主语前 面加助动词 do，does，did等，此时谓语动词要用动词原形（见例1）。常见的否定词或结构有：neither/nor /never/hardly/ little/seldom/ scarcely/ barely/ not until/no sooner than/hardly when/not only…b ut also/at no time/not once/by no means
例：1.little did einstein care for money.
2.by no means( never/at no time) will china be superpowers.
选练：（85met）. "did you enjoy that trip? " "i'm afraid not. and_______."
（a）my classmates don't either （b）my classmates don't too
（c）neither do my classmates （d）neither did my classmates
（90met）.not until i began to work _______how much time i had wasted.
（a）didn't i realize （b）did i realize （c）i didn't realize （d）i realize
（95nmet）.not until all the fish died in the river ____how serious the pollution was.
（a）did the villagers realize （b）the villagers realize
（c）the villagers did realize （d）didn't the villagers realize
（91上海）.not only____ polluted but ____ crowded.
（a）was the city, were the streets （b）the city was, were the streets
（c）was the city, the streets were （d）the city was, the streets were
（94上海）.little ____ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.
（a）does he care （b）did he care （c）he cares （d）he cared
四、so…that放在句首时的词序
（92上海）. so ______ that no fish can live in it.
（a）the lake is shallow （b）shallow the lake is （c）shallow is the lake （d）is the lake shallow
析：答案为c。在so…that句型中，当so 后的部分提到句首时要用部分倒装。如：
so hard does he study that he is sure to succeed.
选练：so excited _____ that he couldn't speak a word.
（a）he gets （b）he got （c）does he get （d）did he get
一、短语动词中宾语的位置
（79met）. if you don't know the word, why don't you ______in the dictionary.
（a）look at it （b）look after it （c）look up it （d）look it up
析：答案为d。其意指"查（字典等）"，a意为"看"，b 意为"照顾"均不符题意，故排除。由动词加 副词构成的短语，其宾语是名词时，宾语可放在整个短语后面，也可插在动词与副词之间，但宾语是代词时， 代词宾语只能插在动词与副词之间。
选练：（画线项为答案，下同）
（83met）.if you are at home this evening, i'll________.
（a）ring you on （b）ring upon you （c）ring to you （d）ring you up
（78met）.i need a day or two________
（a）to think it over b）to think over it c）of thinking
二、虚拟语气省略if时的词序
（95上海）.______ for the free tickets, i would not have gone to the films so often.
（a）if it is not （b）were it not （c）had it not been （d）if they were not
析：答案为c。这是一个与过去相反的虚拟条件从句的省略形式，当从句中的if省略时，从句要用倒装句。 这类倒装句只需将助动词、情态动词或系动词提至主语前即可。常见句式更换如下：
a.与现在相反：if i were you (=were i you) , i would go with him.
b.与过去相反：if i had had time then (=had i had time then), i would have gone with you.
c.与将来相反：if i were to visit/should visit/visited the great wall tomorrow, (=were i to /should i visit the great wall tomorrow), i would take my son with me.
注意：在否定句中not不可提至主语前，如：
（误）weren't i here now, i would be in the bus.
（正）were i not here now, i would be in the bus.
选练：（94上海）.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the yangpu bridge.
（a）were （b）should （c）would （d）will
_______ your letter, i would have written back two days ago.
（a）if i received （b）should i receive （c）had i received （d）if i could have received
三、否定词放在句首时的词序
（91met）"do you know jim quarrelled with his brother?" "i don't know,_____
（a）nor don't i care （b）nor do i care （c）i don't care neither （d）i don't care also
析：答案为b。a项多了not，c项、d项分别要改neither、 also 为either。否定词作状语放在句首时要用 倒装句，倒装句只需将情态动词、助动词、系动词be提至主语首即可（见例2）。 实意动词的倒装要在主语前 面加助动词 do，does，did等，此时谓语动词要用动词原形（见例1）。常见的否定词或结构有：neither/nor /never/hardly/ little/seldom/ scarcely/ barely/ not until/no sooner than/hardly when/not only…b ut also/at no time/not once/by no means
例：1.little did einstein care for money.
2.by no means( never/at no time) will china be superpowers.
选练：（85met）. "did you enjoy that trip? " "i'm afraid not. and_______."
（a）my classmates don't either （b）my classmates don't too
（c）neither do my classmates （d）neither did my classmates
（90met）.not until i began to work _______how much time i had wasted.
（a）didn't i realize （b）did i realize （c）i didn't realize （d）i realize
（95nmet）.not until all the fish died in the river ____how serious the pollution was.
（a）did the villagers realize （b）the villagers realize
（c）the villagers did realize （d）didn't the villagers realize
（91上海）.not only____ polluted but ____ crowded.
（a）was the city, were the streets （b）the city was, were the streets
（c）was the city, the streets were （d）the city was, the streets were
（94上海）.little ____ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.
（a）does he care （b）did he care （c）he cares （d）he cared
四、so…that放在句首时的词序
（92上海）. so ______ that no fish can live in it.
（a）the lake is shallow （b）shallow the lake is （c）shallow is the lake （d）is the lake shallow
析：答案为c。在so…that句型中，当so 后的部分提到句首时要用部分倒装。如：
so hard does he study that he is sure to succeed.
选练：so excited _____ that he couldn't speak a word.
（a）he gets （b）he got （c）does he get （d）did he get