英语专业考研语言学试题集锦_考研MBA

　语言学的资料很少，看完书后想找些习题或往年试题做做，可以起到练兵，巩固所看书本知识的作用。我收集了一些高校语言学的往年试题供大家参考，讨论，交流一下做题的感受，也希望大家可以把自己所考学校的往年发表在上面，给大家一起讨论。

　1 one of the main features of our human language is arbitrariness .can you briefly explain what is this feature refers to ? give examples if necessary(10 points). <北师大今年）

　2 in english we can describe a story as "a successful story" or "a success story ".do you think they mean the same ? please explain and give your reasons(10 points) ,<同上》

　3 expain the following terms ,giving examples where necessary.(50 points) <中山2003》 design feature macrolinguistics vowel minimal pair folk etymology aspect　　anopho r error analysisr metaphor

　4 language can change through blending ,metanalysis ,back-formation, analogical creation and borrowing.give two english words for each of them (5 points) 清华2000年

　5 answer the following question briefly.clearly,grammatically and correctly.(10 points ) 湖南师大今年

　what is it wrong to assume that the meaning of a sentence is the sum of the meaning of the words which compose it ?

　7 define the following terms.(10 points) 中国海洋大学1999

　phoneme ,consonant,morpheme,lexicon,syntax,endocentric construction,semantics,hyponymy ,language ,design feature

　8 define the following terms .(20 points) 苏州大学1997 allophone morpheme assimilation internal authority interlanguage phatic communion

　closed-class word government semantica triangic lingua franca

　what is the main grammatical difference between a sentence and a clause ? 同上

　6 translate into chinese and exemplify each of the following.(10 points )

　example : dialectal synonyms

　answer , 方言同义词， fall and autumn are dialectal synonyms .

　homography　　homophony　　gradable opposites endocentric constuction

　exocentric construction

　9 大连外国语学院1992年语言学全部 100 points

　list the six important characteristics of human language .

　what are the types of morphemes ?

　illustrate the deep and surface structures .

　what do u know about the semantic features ?

　how does language change ?

　10 words in our mental lexicon are known to be related to one another .discuss the relationships between words ,using examples from the english language .(15 points ) 北外今年

　11 what do you think are the similarities and dissimilarities between learning a first and a second language? ( 30 points) 同上