TEM-4 Exercise 8_TEM4指导
reading
directions: there are 11 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d).
passage 1
questions 1 to 3 are based on the following passage:
canals are watercourses constructed to improve and extend natural waterways. they are generally built to facilitate transportation, but from the beginning they have been used for many additional purposes including draining swamps, irrigating land for cultivation, and promoting economic development.
canals are often classified by the size of vessel they can accommodate. some small local canals, which are able to float only 100 to 300 ton boats or small rafts of timber, may be only 3 feet deep. major barge canals generally range from 6 to 9 feet in depth, and some are as much as 10 or 12 feet deep. these canals can carry 1,350 to 2,000 ton craft. ship canals are 25 feet or more deep and are capable of accommodating large vessels in the seagoing class.
canals may also be classified as either water level or lock canals. water level canals do not vary in height along their courses. the best known of these is the suez canal, which is at sea level. lock canals, which include most modern waterways, contain locks, or special devices for raising and lowering boats along their courses by changing the depth of the water. each lock is a stretch of water enclosed by gates at each end. after a boat enters the lock, water is let or drained out until it reaches approximately the same level as the water ahead.
1. what does the passage mainly discuss?
a. how canals are constructed.
b. common types of canal boats and barges.
c. the world’s largest canals.
d. how canals are used and classified.
2. what is the purpose of a canal lock?
a. to keep out boats that are too large for the canal.
b. to measure the tonnage of canal boats.
c. to load and unload the cargo.
d. to change the depth of the water.
3. the suez canal is mentioned as an example of a ______.
a. modern canal
b. water level canal
c. lock canal
d. irrigation canal passage 2
questions 4 to 7 are based on the following passage:
glacier national park in montana shares boundaries with canada, an american indian reservation, and a national forest. along the north fork of the flathead river, the park also borders about 17,000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching, timber, and agriculture. this land is an important part of the habitat and migratory routes for several endangered species that frequent the park. these private lands are essentially the only ones available for
development in the region.
with encouragement from the park, local landowners initiated a land use planning effort to guide the future of the north fork. the park is a partner in an inter-local agreement that calls for resource managing agencies to work together and with the more than 400 private owners in the area. a draft plan has been prepared, with objective of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources. voluntary action by landowners, in cooperation with the park and the county, is helping to restrict small lot subdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.
the willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that congress would impose a legislative solution. nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the existing character of the area. meetings between park officials and landowners have led to a dramatically improved understanding of all concerns.
4. the passage mainly discusses ______.
a. the endangered species in glacier national park
b. the protection of lands surrounding glacier national park
c. conservation laws imposed by the state of montana
d. conservation laws imposed by congress
5. why are the private lands surrounding glacier national park so important?
a. they function as a hunting preserve.
b. they are restricted to government use.
c. they are heavily populated.
d. they contain natural habitats of threatened species.
6. the relationship between park officials and neighboring landowners ma y best be described as _____.
a. indifferent
b. intimate
c. cooperative
d. disappointing
7. it can be inferred from the passage that a major interest of the officials of glacier national park is to ______.
a. limit land development around the park
b. establish a new park in montana
c. influence national legislation
d. settle border disputes with canada passage 3
questions 8 to 11 are based on the following passage:
most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface. but earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. their number decreases as the depth increases. at about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. in comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.
the extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. if you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. but if you build a toy house with a pack&nbs
p;of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. an earthquake in agadir, morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. if a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. a third and very serious factor is panic. when people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.
the united nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. it has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. if followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.
there is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. this is the disaster caused by seismic sea waves, or tsunamis. (these are often called tidal waves, but the name is incorrect. they have nothing to do with tides.) in certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. these submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. the waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. but when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. the japanese call them "tsunamis", meaning "harbor waves", because they reach a sizable height only in harbors. tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. an adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves. but this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. there is no way to stop the oncoming wave.
8. which of the following can not be concluded from the passage?
a. the number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.
b. roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.
c. earthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.
d. earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.
9. the destruction of agadir is an example of ______.
a. faulty building construction
b. an earthquake’s strength
c. widespread panic in earthquakes
d. ineffective instruments
10. the united nations’ experts are supposed to ______.
a. construct strong buildings
b. put forward proposals
c. detect disastrous earthquakes
d. monitor earthquakes
11. the significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may ______.
a. notice them out at sea
b.&nb
sp;find ways to stop them
c. be warned early enough
d. develop warning systems
1.d
2. d
3. b
4. b
5. d
6. c
7. a
8. c
9. a
10. b
11.
directions: there are 11 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d).
passage 1
questions 1 to 3 are based on the following passage:
canals are watercourses constructed to improve and extend natural waterways. they are generally built to facilitate transportation, but from the beginning they have been used for many additional purposes including draining swamps, irrigating land for cultivation, and promoting economic development.
canals are often classified by the size of vessel they can accommodate. some small local canals, which are able to float only 100 to 300 ton boats or small rafts of timber, may be only 3 feet deep. major barge canals generally range from 6 to 9 feet in depth, and some are as much as 10 or 12 feet deep. these canals can carry 1,350 to 2,000 ton craft. ship canals are 25 feet or more deep and are capable of accommodating large vessels in the seagoing class.
canals may also be classified as either water level or lock canals. water level canals do not vary in height along their courses. the best known of these is the suez canal, which is at sea level. lock canals, which include most modern waterways, contain locks, or special devices for raising and lowering boats along their courses by changing the depth of the water. each lock is a stretch of water enclosed by gates at each end. after a boat enters the lock, water is let or drained out until it reaches approximately the same level as the water ahead.
1. what does the passage mainly discuss?
a. how canals are constructed.
b. common types of canal boats and barges.
c. the world’s largest canals.
d. how canals are used and classified.
2. what is the purpose of a canal lock?
a. to keep out boats that are too large for the canal.
b. to measure the tonnage of canal boats.
c. to load and unload the cargo.
d. to change the depth of the water.
3. the suez canal is mentioned as an example of a ______.
a. modern canal
b. water level canal
c. lock canal
d. irrigation canal passage 2
questions 4 to 7 are based on the following passage:
glacier national park in montana shares boundaries with canada, an american indian reservation, and a national forest. along the north fork of the flathead river, the park also borders about 17,000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching, timber, and agriculture. this land is an important part of the habitat and migratory routes for several endangered species that frequent the park. these private lands are essentially the only ones available for
development in the region.
with encouragement from the park, local landowners initiated a land use planning effort to guide the future of the north fork. the park is a partner in an inter-local agreement that calls for resource managing agencies to work together and with the more than 400 private owners in the area. a draft plan has been prepared, with objective of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources. voluntary action by landowners, in cooperation with the park and the county, is helping to restrict small lot subdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.
the willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that congress would impose a legislative solution. nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the existing character of the area. meetings between park officials and landowners have led to a dramatically improved understanding of all concerns.
4. the passage mainly discusses ______.
a. the endangered species in glacier national park
b. the protection of lands surrounding glacier national park
c. conservation laws imposed by the state of montana
d. conservation laws imposed by congress
5. why are the private lands surrounding glacier national park so important?
a. they function as a hunting preserve.
b. they are restricted to government use.
c. they are heavily populated.
d. they contain natural habitats of threatened species.
6. the relationship between park officials and neighboring landowners ma y best be described as _____.
a. indifferent
b. intimate
c. cooperative
d. disappointing
7. it can be inferred from the passage that a major interest of the officials of glacier national park is to ______.
a. limit land development around the park
b. establish a new park in montana
c. influence national legislation
d. settle border disputes with canada passage 3
questions 8 to 11 are based on the following passage:
most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface. but earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. their number decreases as the depth increases. at about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. in comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.
the extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. if you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. but if you build a toy house with a pack&nbs
p;of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. an earthquake in agadir, morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. if a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. a third and very serious factor is panic. when people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.
the united nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. it has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. if followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.
there is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. this is the disaster caused by seismic sea waves, or tsunamis. (these are often called tidal waves, but the name is incorrect. they have nothing to do with tides.) in certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. these submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. the waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. but when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. the japanese call them "tsunamis", meaning "harbor waves", because they reach a sizable height only in harbors. tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. an adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves. but this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. there is no way to stop the oncoming wave.
8. which of the following can not be concluded from the passage?
a. the number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.
b. roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.
c. earthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.
d. earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.
9. the destruction of agadir is an example of ______.
a. faulty building construction
b. an earthquake’s strength
c. widespread panic in earthquakes
d. ineffective instruments
10. the united nations’ experts are supposed to ______.
a. construct strong buildings
b. put forward proposals
c. detect disastrous earthquakes
d. monitor earthquakes
11. the significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may ______.
a. notice them out at sea
b.&nb
sp;find ways to stop them
c. be warned early enough
d. develop warning systems
1.d
2. d
3. b
4. b
5. d
6. c
7. a
8. c
9. a
10. b
11.