羽毛球的规则_奥运英语

　1.court and court equiment

　the court shall be a rectangle and laid out with lines 40mm wide. the lines shall be easily distinguishable and preferably be colored white or yellow. all lines form part of the area which they define. the posts shall be 1.55 meters in height from the surface of the court and shall remain vertical when the net is strained as provided in law 1.10. the posts shall be placed on the doubles side lines， irrespective of whether singles or doubles is being played. the net shall be made of fine cord of dark color and even thickness with a mesh of not less than l5mm and not more than 20mm.the net shall be 760mm in depth and at least 6.1 meters wide.

　the top of the net shall be edged with a 75mm white cloth tape doubled over a cord or cable running through the tape. this tape must rest upon the cord or cable. the cord or cable shall be stretched firmly， flush with the top of the posts. the top of the net from the surface of the court shall be 1.524 meters at the center of the court and 1.55 meters over the side lines for doubles. there shall be no gaps between the ends of the net and the posts. if necessary， the full depth of the net should be tied at the ends.

　2.shuttle

　the shuttle may be made from natural and/or synthetic materials. from whatever material the shuttle is made， the flight characteristics generally should be similar to those produced by a natural feathered shuttle with a cork base covered by a thin layer of leather. the shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base.

　the feathers shall be measured from the tip to the top of the base and each shuttle shall be of the same length. this length can be between 62mm and 70mm.the tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle with a diameter from 58mm to 68mm.the feathers shall be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable material. the base shall be 25mm to 28mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom. the shuttle shall weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams.

　the skirt， or simulation of feathers in synthetic materials， replaces natural feathers. the base is described in law 2.6.measurements and weight shall be as in laws 2.3， 2.4 and 2.7. however， because of the difference in the specific gravity and other properties of synthetic materials in comparison with feathers， a variation of up to 10 per cent is acceptable.

　subject to there being no variation in the design， speed and flight of the shuttle， modifications in the above specifications may be made with the approval of the member association concerned： or in places where atmospheric conditions due to either altitude or climate make the standard shuttle unsuitable. if special circumstances exist which make it otherwise necessary in the interests of the game.

　3. testing a shuttle for speed

　to test a shuttle， use a full underhand stroke which makes contact with the shuttle over the back boundary line. the shuttle shall be hit at an upward angle and in a direction parallel to the side lines.a shuttle of correct speed will land not less than 530mm and not more than 990mm short of the other back boundary line.

　4.racket

　the main racket parts are called the handle， the stringed area， the head， the shaft， the throat and the frame. the handle is the part of the racket intended to be gripped by the player. the stringed area is the part of the racket with which it is intended the player hits the shuttle. the head bounds the stringed area. the throat （if present） connects the shaft to the head. the frame is the name given to the head， throat， shaft and handle taken together.

　the frame of the racket shall not exceed 680mm in overall length and 230mm in overall width. the stringed area shall be flat and consist of a pattern of crossed strings either alternately interlaced or bonded where they cross. the stringing pattern shall be generally uniform and， in particular， not less dense in the cen

ter than in any other area.

　the stringed area shall not exceed 280mm in overall length and 220mm in overall width. however， the strings may extend into an area which otherwise would be the throat， provided that the width of the extended stringed area does not exceed 35mm and provided that the overall length of the stringed area does not then exceed 330mm.the racket shall be free of attached objects and protrusions， other than those used solely and specifically to limit or prevent wear and tear， or vibration， or to distribute weight， or to secure the handle by cord to the player's hand， and which are reasonable in size and placement for such purposes； and shall be free of any device which makes it possible for a player to change materially the shape of the racket.

　5. equipment compliance

　the international badminton federation shall rule on any question of whether any racket， shuttle or equipment or any prototype used in the playing of badminton complies with the specifications. such ruling may be undertaken on the federation's initiative or upon application by any party with a bona fide interest therein， including any player， equipment manufacturer or member association or member thereof.

　6. toss

　before play commences， a toss shall be conducted and the side winning the toss shall exercise the choice in either law. to serve or receive first. to start play at one end of the court or the other. the side losing the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice.

　7. change of ends

　players shall change ends： at the end of the first game； prior to the beginning of the third game （if any）； and in the third game， or in a match of one game ， when the leading score reaches：- 6 in a game of 11 points； or - 8 in a game of 15 points. if players omit to change ends as indicated in law 8.1， they shall do so as soon as the mistake is discovered and the shuttle is not in play. the existing score shall stand.

　8. service

　in a correct service， neither side shall cause undue delay to the delivery of the service once server and receiver have taken up theit respective positions. the server and receiver shall stand within diagonally opposite service courts without touching the boundary lines of these service courts. some part of both feet of the server and receiver must remain in contact with the surface of the court in a stationary position from the start of the service until the service is delivered. the server's reacket shall initially hit the base of the shuttle. and the whole shuttle shall be below the server's waist at the instant of being hit by the server's racket. the shaft of the server's racket at the instant of hitting the shuttle shall be pointing in a downward direction to such an extent that the whole of the head of the racket is discernibly below the whole of the server's hand holding the racket. the movement of the server's racket must continue forwards after the start of the service until the service is delivered； and the flight of the shuttle shall be upwards from the server's racket to pass over the net so that， if not intercepted， it lands in the receiver's service court （ie on or within the boundary lines）。 if a service is not correct by virtue of any of laws 9.1.1 to 9.1.8， it shall be a 'fault' by the offending side. it is a 'fault' if the server， in attempting to serve， misses the shuttle.

　once the players have taken their positions， the first forward movement of the server's racket head is the start of the service. the server shall not serve before the receiver is ready but the receiver shall be considered to have been ready if a return of service is attempted. once the service is started ，it is delivered when the shuttle is hit by the server's racket or， in attempting to serve， the server misses the shuttle. in doubles， the partners may take up any positions which do not unsight the opposing server or receiver