职称英语等级考试理工类(B级)试题(1)_职称英语
2004年职称等级考试、答案及题解
理工类(b级)
第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所
给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的
位置上。
l have you talked to her lately?
a lastly b finally
c shortly d recently
2 while we don’t agree，we continue to befriends
a whoever b where
c although d whatever
3 enormous sums of money have been spent on space exploration．
a much b large
c small d fixed t
4 about one million americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer．
a every year b severely
c actively d every month
5 the policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident
a secrets b details
c benefits d words
6 we will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams
a effect b account
c effort d discount
7 there are a limited number of books on this subject in the library．
a small b total
c good d great
8 the chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting
a showed b suggested
c agreed d believed
9 mary has blended the ingredients.
a made b mixed
c cooked d eaten
10 they agreed to modify their policy．
a clarify b define
c change d develop
11 the dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth．
a take out b break off
c push in d dig up
12 the economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in september．
a play b show
c send d tell
13 this table is strong and durable．
a long-lasting b extensive
c far-reaching d eternal
14 he endured great pain before he finally expired．
a fired b resigned
c died d retreated
15 the girl is gazing at herself the mirror．
a smiling b laughing
c shouting d staring
第2部分：阅读判断 (第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该旬提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把a涂黑：如果该旬提供的是错误，请在
答题卡上把b涂黑；如果该旬的文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把c涂黑。
mother nature shows her strength
tornadoes(龙卷风)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the great lakes and inc0
trumbull county on saturday evening．：the storms were dramatic and dangerous．
george snyder was driving the fire truck down route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel
(漏斗状的)cloud was behind him．“i stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud．it was
about 100 feet off the ground and i saw it go up and down for a while．it was moving toward
bradley road and then suddenly it disappeared．”snyder said．
snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern ohio on
saturday．in trumbull county, a tornado turned trees onto their sides．some trees feel onto
houses and cars．other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down．
amanda symcheck was having a party when the storm began．“i knew something was
wrong，”she said．“i saw the sky go green and pink(粉红色)．then it sounded like a train
rushing toward the house．i started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for
protection．”
the tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area．it will take a long time
and much money to repair everything．there was also serious water damage from me
也under storms．the heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes·
the storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river．more than four inches of rain fell
in parts of trumbull county．the river was so hight that the water ran into streets and houses．
many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water．'this made it difficult
for fire trucks．police cars，and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble·
many people who
live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety．some
people reported five feet of water in their homes．local and state officials opened emergency
shelters for the people who were evacuated(撤走)．the red cross served meals to them．
“this was a really intense storm。”said snyder． 'people were afraid。mother nature call be
fierce．we were lucky this time．no one was killed．”
16 the weather was nice in trumbull county on saturday evening．
a right b wrong c not mentioned
17 george snyder was a firefighter．
a right b wrong c not mentioned
、
18 amanda symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began·
a right b wrong c not mentioned
19 power supply system was not damaged during the stoma·
a right b wrong c not mentioned
20 there had not been such a severe storm in trumbull county for a hundred years
a right b wrong c not mentioned
21 rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people．
a right b wrong c not mentioned
22 several people were missing during the storm．
a right b wrong c not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第23—30题，每题1分，共8分) ．
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23"--26题要求从所给的6个选项
中为第1"-'4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27---30题要求从所给的6个选项中选
择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
ford
1 ford’s great strength was the manufacturing .ring process-not invention．long before he started
a car company，he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them
into machines．he started putting cars together in 1 89 1. a1though it was by no means the first
popular automobile，the model t showed the world use how creative ford was at combining
technology and market．
2 the company‘s assembly line alone threw america’s industrial revolution into overdrive
(高速运转)．instead of having workers put together the entire car，ford’s friends，who were great
toolmakers from scotland，organized teams that added parts to each model t as it moved down a
line．by the time f0rd’s highland park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响)along in 1914，the
world’s first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes．
3 the same year henry ford shocked the world with the$5.a．day minimum wage scheme．
the greatest contribution he had ever made．the average wage in the auto industry then was$2.34
for a 9.hour shift．ford not only doubled that．he also took an hour off the workday．in those
years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn’t
involve an awful lot of training or education．the wall street journal called the plan“all
economic crime”．and critics everywhere 1aughed at ford．
4 but as the wage increased later to daily$i0，it proved a critical component of ford’s dream
to make the automobile accessible(可及的)to a11.the critics were too stupid to understand that
because f0rd had 10wered his costs per car ,the higher wages didn’t matter--except for making it
possible for more people to buy cars． ，
23 paragraph 1
24 paragraph 2
25 paragraph 3
26 paragraph 4
a ford’s followers
b the assembly line
c ford’s great dream
d the establishment of the company
e ford’s biggest contribution
f ford’8 great talent
27 the assembly line made it possible to
28 ford was the first to adopt
29 higher wages enabled many people to
30 ford’s higher—wage and lower—cost strategy was strongly
a criticized by the media
b the iow wage in the auto industry
c own a car
d produce cars in large numbers
e the 8-hour-shift practice
f combined technology and market
第4部分：阅读理解(第31----45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，
从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
u．s．blacks hard·hit by cancer
death rates for cancer are falling for all americans．but black americans are still more
likely to die of cancer than whites，the american cancer society said monday
in a special report on cancer and blacks，the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed
with cancer later than whites，and they are more lik
ely to die of the disease．
this could be because of unequal(不平等的)access to medical care。because blacks are
more likely to have other diseases as well，and perhaps because of differences in the biology(生
物学)of the can cancer itself, the report added．
“in general，black americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis thail
whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis．”the report said．
“in describing cancer statistics for black americans，this report recognizes that many of the
differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and
unequal access to medical care．’
the cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups(体格检查)earlier,
when cancer is more treatable．and it said more research is needed to see if biological differences
play a role．
‘‘the new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social
differences through public policy and education efforts，”the organization said in a statement．
but it also noted a出op in cancer death rates．
“cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have dropped greatly among black
americans since 1992，as have incidence rates(发生率),”said the report． ’
31 black americans arc more likely to die of cancer than
a people in other countries．
b white americans．
c all other americans．
d their ancestors．
32 which may not be a reason for higher cancer death rates among us blacks?
a unequal access to medical care．
b greater probability of having other diseases． ．
c differences in the biology of the cancer． 、
d early diagnosis．
33 cancer is more treatable if it is．detected
a in an early stage．
b in a late stage．
c a110fa sudden．
d together with other diseases．
、
34 public policy and education efforts may help to do away with
a death rates．
b various cancers．
c unfair social differences．
d biological differences．
35 since 1992，cancer death rates among black americans
a have been going up and down．
b have remained stable．
c have increased．
d have fallen．
第二篇
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crystal ear
one day a friend asked my．wife jill if i wanted a hearing aid．“he certainly does．”replied
jill．after hearing about a remarkable new product．jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if i’d
ever thought about getting a hearing aid．“no way,”i said．“it would make me look 20 years
older．” “no。no。”she replied．”this is entirely different．it’s crystal ear!”
jill was right．crystal ear is different—not the old. styled body worn over-the．ear aid。but
all advanced personal sound system so small that it’s like contacts(隐形眼镜)for your ears．and
crystal ear is super-sensitive and powerful．too．you will hear sounds your ears have been
missing for years．crystal ear will make speech 10uder,and the sound is pure add natural．
i couldn’t believe how tiny it is．it is smaller than the tip of my little finger and it’s almost
invisible when worn．there are no wires。no behind—the．ear device．put it in your ear and its
ready—to-wear mold(形状)fits comfortably．since it’s not too loud or too tight，you may even
forget that you’re wearing it! use it at work or at play．and if your hearing problem is worse in
certain situations，use crystal ear only when you need it．
hearing loss，which occurs typically prior to teenage years，progresses throughout one’s
lifetime．a1though hearing loss is now the world’s number one health problem，nearly 90 percent
of people suffering hearing 10ss choose to leave the problem untreated．for many millions，
treating hearing 10ss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits，expensive testing
and adjustments to fit your ear．thanks to crystal ear，the“sound solution”is now convenient．
almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss，and millions more with just a little hearing
drop-off(下降)，can be dramatically helped with crystal ear．more over, its superior design is
energy-efficient，so batteries can last months．crystal ear is now available to help these people
treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier(放大器)．
36 initially the writer did not want t0 buy a hearing aid because
a it would make him look old．
b it would make him nervous．
c it was too expensive．
d it was old-styled．
which of the following is not true of crystal ear7
a it is highly sensitive．
b it is powerful．
c it is invisible．
d it is wireless．
38 one special feature of crystal ear is that
a you can control its volume．
b you needn’t take it off everyday．
c it is solar-powered．
d it saves power．
39 according to the passage，hearing loss is
a only a minor health problem．
b the world’s most common health problem．
c merely a teenage disease．
d an incurable disease．
40 many people leave their hearing problem untreated because
a it is not serious．
b crystal ear is not yet available．
c it is not easy to have it treated．
d they don’t want to look old．
第三篇
technology transfer in germany
when it comes to translating basic research into industrial success，few nations can match
germany．since the 1940s，the nation’s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream
of new ideas and expertise from science．and though german prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰
退)over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global
economic decline，it still has an enviable(令人羡慕的)record for turning ideas into profit．
much of the reason for that success is the fraunhofer society, a network of research
institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought。after technologies·but
today the fraunhofer institutes have competition．universities are taking an ever larger role in
technology transfer，and technology parks are springing up all over．these efforts are being
complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies·
such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but 1t is not without its crities,
these people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science，
eventually starving industry of flesh ideas．if every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur
(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being
curiosity．driven：free and widely available will suffer．others claim that many of the
programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small
businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years·
while this debate continues，new ideas flow at a steady rate from germany’s research
networks，which bear famous names such as helmholtz，max planck and leibniz．yet it is the
fourth network，the fraunhofer society，that plays the greatest role in technology transfer．
founded in 1949.the fraunhofer society is now europe’s largest organisation for applied
technology，and has 59 institutes employing 1 2，000 people．it continues to grow．last year’it
swallowed up the heinrich hertz institute for communication technology in berlin．today,
there are even fraunhofers in the us and asia．
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