V-ing形式作状语小结_高中英语

　动词的非谓语形式是历年命题的热点，而在句中作状语的 v-ing 形式则是考点的重中之重。现笔者就 v-ing 形式作状语帮助们作个小结。

　v-ing 形式在句中修饰主句的谓语动词，说明句中谓语动词所处的状态，它是主句主语动作的一部分。与主句谓语表示的动作几乎是同时发生的，可以表示时间、原因、伴随、结果等。

　值得一提的是：当从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则应用其完成式的 v-ing 短语 having （ been ） done .

　一 . v-ing 形式表示时间

　1. _______________ such heavy pollution already， it may now be too late to clear up the river.

　a. having suffered b. suffering

　c. to suffer d. suffered

　析：句意为“当河流受到严重污染时，现在要清理它已经为时过晚了”。很明显，“污染”在前，“清理河流”在后，应用 suffer 的完成式，故选 a 项。

　2. ___________________a reply， he decided to wait again.

　a. no receiving

　b. receiving not

　c. not having received

　d. having not received

　析：在 v-ing 形式的否定式中，否定词（ no 、 not 或 never ）应置于其前面，不能置于其后面，因此 b 、 d 项不能选，从句意来看，“未收到答案”在前，“决心等待”在后。故选 c 项。

　二 . v-ing 形式表示原因

　3. ______________ anything about the accident， he went to work as usual.

　a. not known b. known not

　c. known not d. not knowing

　析：答案为 d 项，全句实际为 because he didn't know anything about …的缩略形式。

　4. ________________ his telephone number， she had some difficulty getting in touch with bill.

　a. not knowing b. knowing not

　c. not having known d. having not known

　析：答案是 a 项。

　三 . v-ing 形式表示伴随情况

　5. “ can't you read？ ” mary said _______________ to the notice.

　a. angrily pointing

　b. and point angrily

　c. angrily pointed

　d. and angrily point

　析： a 项为正确答案，根据语法知识 b 、 c 、 d 三项都不能选。

　四 . v-ing 形式表示结果

　6. european football is played in 80 countries _____________ it the most popular sport in the world.

　a. making b. makes

　c. made d. to make

　析： making it …其形式相当于定语从句 which makes it the most popular sport in the world 的简化形式。故 a 项为正确答案。