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while 用法面面观_初中英语

  一、 while 用作名词时,意为“一段时间,一会儿”。例如:

 i stayed there for a short while.

 (我在那儿呆了一小会儿。)

 the postman came a short while ago.

 (邮递员刚刚来过。)

  二、 while 用作连词时,有以下几种含义:

 1. 意为“当……时候,和……同时”,引导时间状语从句。例如:

 while i was watching tv, the bell rang.

 (我看电视时,铃响了。)

 meimei watched tv while she ate her supper.

 (梅梅边吃晚饭边看电视。)

 2. 意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。例如:

 while it was late, he went on working.

 (虽然很晚了,但他还在继续工作。)

 while he is in poor health, he works hard.

 (虽然他身体不好,但他还是努力工作。)

 3. 连接两个并列句子,表示“对比”关系。例如:

 he went out for a walk, while i stayed at home.

 (他出去散步了,而我却呆在家里。)

 i like singing while she likes dancing.

 (我喜欢唱歌,而她喜欢跳舞。)

 you like sports, while i prefer music.

 (你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢。)

  三、 while 引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点:

 1. while 引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而 while 引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以从意义上加以区分。例如:

 while he was tired, he went on working.

 (虽然他累了,但他还是继续工作。)

 ( while 引导让步状语从句)

 while he was tired, he would have a rest.

 (他累了就休息一会儿。)

 ( while 引导时间状语从句)

 2. while 引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词 be 都可以省略。例如:

 while he was ill, he went there. (= while ill, he went there.)

 (虽然他有病,但他还是去那里了。)

 3. while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意: while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词;而 when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时, while 和 when 可以互相替换。例如:

 while we were talking, the teacher came in.

 (我们正在谈话时,进来了。)

 the bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop.

 (当我们到达车站时,公共汽车已经开走了。)

 ( arrive 是非延续性动词,因此,此句中的 when 不能用 while 替换。)

 when / while we were having a meeting, our teacher came in.

 (我们正在开会时,走了进来。)

 ( have 是延续性动词,因此,句中的 when 可以用 while 替换。)

 4. while 引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中”。例如:

 while the teacher was speaking, the students were listening.

 (讲课时,们在听。)

 while he was writing, i was reading.

 (他写字时,我在看书。)